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Loss of power and clear description of treatment differences are key issues in designing and analyzing a clinical trial where non-proportional hazard is a possibility. A log-rank test may be very inefficient and interpretation of the hazard…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-13 Satrajit Roychoudhury , Keaven M Anderson , Jiabu Ye , Pralay Mukhopadhyay

Weak-identification-robust tests for instrumental variable (IV) regressions are typically developed separately depending on whether the number of IVs is treated as fixed or increasing with the sample size, forcing researchers to make a…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-01 Dennis Lim , Wenjie Wang , Yichong Zhang

We study a class of weakly coupled Hamilton-Jacobi systems with a specific aim to perform a qualitative analysis in the spirit of weak KAM theory. Our main achievement is the definition of a family of related action functionals containing…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-03-03 H. Mitake , A. Siconolfi , H. V. Tran , N. Yamada

This paper proposes a new feature screening method for the multi-response ultrahigh dimensional linear model by empirical likelihood. Through a multivariate moment condition, the empirical likelihood induced ranking statistics can exploit…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-07 Jun Lu , Qinqin Hu , Lu Lin

The error or variability of machine learning algorithms is often assessed by repeatedly re-fitting a model with different weighted versions of the observed data. The ubiquitous tools of cross-validation (CV) and the bootstrap are examples…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-10 Ryan Giordano , Will Stephenson , Runjing Liu , Michael I. Jordan , Tamara Broderick

Maximum Likelihood (ML) offers attractive alternatives to Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators for dynamic panel data models. However, to date no identification-robust inference methods exist that can be used in conjunction with…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-16 Hugo Kruiniger

This paper uses model symmetries in the instrumental variable (IV) regression to derive an invariant test for the causal structural parameter. Contrary to popular belief, we show that there exist model symmetries when equation errors are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-02 Marcelo J. Moreira , Mahrad Sharifvaghefi , Geert Ridder

We present a Bayesian jackknife test for assessing the probability that a data set contains biased subsets, and, if so, which of the subsets are likely to be biased. The test can be used to assess the presence and likely source of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 Michael J. Wilensky , Fraser Kennedy , Philip Bull , Joshua S. Dillon , The HERA Collaboration

We study the impact of weak identification in discrete choice models, and provide insights into the determinants of identification strength in these models. Using these insights, we propose a novel test that can consistently detect weak…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-01-21 David T. Frazier , Eric Renault , Lina Zhang , Xueyan Zhao

In clinical trials, studies often present longitudinal data or clustered data. These studies are commonly analyzed using linear mixed models (LMMs), usually considering Gaussian assumptions for random effect and error terms. Recently,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-28 Fernanda L. Schumacher , Larissa A. Matos , Celso R. B. Cabral

In an instrumental variable model, the score statistic can be bounded for any alternative in parts of the parameter space. These regions involve a constraint on the first-stage regression coefficients and the reduced-form covariance matrix.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-13 Marcelo J. Moreira , Geert Ridder

We develop new methods for constructing confidence sets and intervals in linear instrumental variables (IV) models based on tests that remain valid under weak identification and under heteroskedastic, autocorrelated, or clustered errors. In…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-07 Gustavo Schlemper , Marcelo J. Moreira

Exogeneity is key for IV estimators, which can assessed via overidentification (OID) tests. We discuss the Kleibergen-Paap (KP) rank test as a heteroskedasticity-robust OID test and compare to the typical J-test. We derive the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-26 Stuart Lane , Frank Windmeijer

This paper revisits the Lagrange multiplier type test for the null hypothesis of no cross-sectional dependence in large panel data models. We propose a unified test procedure and its power enhancement version, which show robustness for a…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-03-01 Zhenhong Huang , Zhaoyuan Li , Jianfeng Yao

This paper presents an inference method for the local average treatment effect (LATE) in the presence of high-dimensional covariates, regardless of the strength of identification. We propose an orthogonalized Anderson-Rubin test statistic…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-11 Yukun Ma

It is frequently of interest to jointly analyze two paired sequences of multiple tests. This paper studies the problem of detecting whether there are more pairs of tests that are significant in both sequences than would be expected by…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-26 Sihai Dave Zhao , T. Tony Cai , Hongzhe Li

The classical tests in the instrumental variable model can behave arbitrarily if the data is contaminated. For instance, one outlying observation can be enough to change the outcome of a test. We develop a framework to construct testing…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-03-26 Jens Klooster , Mikhail Zhelonkin

We study a likelihood ratio test for detecting multiple {\it weak} changes in the mean of a class of CHARN models. The locally asymptotically normal (LAN) structure of the family of likelihoods under study is established. It results that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Joseph Ngatchou-Wandji , Marwa Ltaifa

Effective features can improve the performance of a model, which can thus help us understand the characteristics and underlying structure of complex data. Previous feature selection methods usually cannot keep more local structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Xia Wu , Xueyuan Xu , Jianhong Liu , Hailing Wang , Bin Hu , Feiping Nie

We propose a weak-instrument-robust subvector Lagrange multiplier test for instrumental variables regression. We show that it is asymptotically size-correct under a technical condition or as the number of instruments grows to infinity. This…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Malte Londschien , Peter Bühlmann