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Attribution scores indicate the importance of different input parts and can, thus, explain model behaviour. Currently, prompt-based models are gaining popularity, i.a., due to their easier adaptability in low-resource settings. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Wei Zhou , Heike Adel , Hendrik Schuff , Ngoc Thang Vu

Statistical spoken dialogue systems usually rely on a single- or multi-domain dialogue model that is restricted in its capabilities of modelling complex dialogue structures, e.g., relations. In this work, we propose a novel dialogue model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Stefan Ultes , Paweł\ Budzianowski , Iñigo Casanueva , Lina Rojas-Barahona , Bo-Hsiang Tseng , Yen-Chen Wu , Steve Young , Milica Gašić

Large Language Model interfaces are increasingly verbose, exposing intermediate reasoning traces alongside final answers. Traces are framed as transparency mechanisms, yet it is unclear how people use them to solve problems. We report a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Daniela Fernandes , Daniel Buschek , Lev Tankelevitch , Thomas Kosch , Robin Welsch

Is pushing numbers on a single benchmark valuable in automatic speech recognition? Research results in acoustic modeling are typically evaluated based on performance on a single dataset. While the research community has coalesced around…

Motivated by the goals of dataset pruning and defect identification, a growing body of methods have been developed to score individual examples within a dataset. These methods, which we call "example difficulty scores", are typically used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Devin Kwok , Nikhil Anand , Jonathan Frankle , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , David Rolnick

Both humans and machines learn the meaning of unknown words through contextual information in a sentence, but not all contexts are equally helpful for learning. We introduce an effective method for capturing the level of contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Sungjin Nam , David Jurgens , Gwen Frishkoff , Kevyn Collins-Thompson

In recommendation dialogs, humans commonly disclose their preference and make recommendations in a friendly manner. However, this is a challenge when developing a sociable recommendation dialog system, due to the lack of dialog dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Shirley Anugrah Hayati , Dongyeop Kang , Qingxiaoyang Zhu , Weiyan Shi , Zhou Yu

This study aims at improving the performance of scoring student responses in science education automatically. BERT-based language models have shown significant superiority over traditional NLP models in various language-related tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Zhengliang Liu , Xinyu He , Lei Liu , Tianming Liu , Xiaoming Zhai

This article is a sequel to our earlier work [25]. The main objective of our research is to explore the potential of supervised machine learning in face-induced social computing and cognition, riding on the momentum of much heralded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-26 Xiaolin Wu , Xi Zhang , Chang Liu

Objective: A person's affective state has known relationships to physiological processes which can be measured by wearable sensors. However, while there are general trends those relationships can be person-specific. This work proposes using…

Applications · Statistics 2020-02-12 Callum L. Stewart , Amos Folarin , Richard Dobson

Human voice is the source of several important information. This is in the form of features. These Features help in interpreting various features associated with the speaker and speech. The speaker dependent work researchersare targeted…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Shankhanil Ghosh , Chhanda Saha , Naagamani Molakathaala

Sound designers search for sounds in large sound effects libraries using aspects such as sound class or visual context. However, the metadata needed for such search is often missing or incomplete, and requires significant manual effort to…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sripathi Sridhar , Prem Seetharaman , Oriol Nieto , Mark Cartwright , Justin Salamon

Recent speech enhancement models have shown impressive performance gains by scaling up model complexity and training data. However, the impact of dataset variability (e.g. text, language, speaker, and noise) has been underexplored.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Leying Zhang , Wangyou Zhang , Chenda Li , Yanmin Qian

The validity of AI safety evaluations depends on models behaving consistently across controlled and deployment settings. Prior work has identified test-time contextual cues, such as hypothetical scenarios, as a source of verbalized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Katharina Deckenbach , Haritz Puerto , Jonas Geiping , Sahar Abdelnabi

Recent work has explored the use of personal information in the form of persona sentences or self-disclosures to improve modeling of individual characteristics and prediction of annotator labels for subjective tasks. The volume of personal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Kieran Henderson , Kian Omoomi , Vasudha Varadarajan , Allison Lahnala , Charles Welch

Large, pre-trained representation models trained using self-supervised learning have gained popularity in various fields of machine learning because they are able to extract high-quality salient features from input data. As such, they have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Hejung Yang , Hong-Goo Kang

One-hot labels do not represent soft decision boundaries among concepts, and hence, models trained on them are prone to overfitting. Using soft labels as targets provide regularization, but different soft labels might be optimal at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Nidhi Vyas , Shreyas Saxena , Thomas Voice

In modern dialogue systems, the ability to implicitly infer user backgrounds from conversations and leverage this information for personalized assistance is crucial. However, the scarcity of high-quality data remains a fundamental challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Bo Peng , Zhiheng Wang , Heyang Gong , Chaochao Lu

Pre-trained language models have shown excellent results in few-shot learning scenarios using in-context learning. Although it is impressive, the size of language models can be prohibitive to make them usable in on-device applications, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Navid Rezaei , Marek Z. Reformat

Understanding and classifying user personas is critical for delivering effective personalization. While persona information offers valuable insights, its full potential is realized only when contextualized, linking user characteristics with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Saleh Afzoon , Amin Beheshti , Usman Naseem