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It is not uncommon that real-world data are distributed with a long tail. For such data, the learning of deep neural networks becomes challenging because it is hard to classify tail classes correctly. In the literature, several existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Mengke Li , Yiu-ming Cheung , Yang Lu , Zhikai Hu , Weichao Lan , Hui Huang

Automatic snake species recognition is important because it has vast potential to help lower deaths and disabilities caused by snakebites. We introduce our solution in SnakeCLEF 2022 for fine-grained snake species recognition on a heavy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Cheng Zou , Furong Xu , Meng Wang , Wen Li , Yuan Cheng

In the real world, the frequency of occurrence of objects is naturally skewed forming long-tail class distributions, which results in poor performance on the statistically rare classes. A promising solution is to mine tail-class examples to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Gursimran Singh , Lingyang Chu , Lanjun Wang , Jian Pei , Qi Tian , Yong Zhang

Deep long-tailed learning, one of the most challenging problems in visual recognition, aims to train well-performing deep models from a large number of images that follow a long-tailed class distribution. In the last decade, deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Yifan Zhang , Bingyi Kang , Bryan Hooi , Shuicheng Yan , Jiashi Feng

Deep classifiers have achieved great success in visual recognition. However, real-world data is long-tailed by nature, leading to the mismatch between training and testing distributions. In this paper, we show that the Softmax function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Jiawei Ren , Cunjun Yu , Shunan Sheng , Xiao Ma , Haiyu Zhao , Shuai Yi , Hongsheng Li

Generalized Class Discovery (GCD) plays a pivotal role in discerning both known and unknown categories from unlabeled datasets by harnessing the insights derived from a labeled set comprising recognized classes. A significant limitation in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Ziyun Li , Christoph Meinel , Haojin Yang

Long-tailed multi-label visual recognition (LTML) task is a highly challenging task due to the label co-occurrence and imbalanced data distribution. In this work, we propose a unified framework for LTML, namely prompt tuning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Peng Xia , Di Xu , Ming Hu , Lie Ju , Zongyuan Ge

Deep long-tailed learning aims to train useful deep networks on practical, real-world imbalanced distributions, wherein most labels of the tail classes are associated with a few samples. There has been a large body of work to train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Harsh Rangwani , Naman Jaswani , Tejan Karmali , Varun Jampani , R. Venkatesh Babu

Real-world data often follows a long-tailed distribution, where a few head classes occupy most of the data and a large number of tail classes only contain very limited samples. In practice, deep models often show poor generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Haolin Pan , Yong Guo , Mianjie Yu , Jian Chen

Despite the recent success of deep neural networks, it remains challenging to effectively model the long-tail class distribution in visual recognition tasks. To address this problem, we first investigate the performance bottleneck of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Songyang Zhang , Zeming Li , Shipeng Yan , Xuming He , Jian Sun

Instance segmentation is an active topic in computer vision that is usually solved by using supervised learning approaches over very large datasets composed of object level masks. Obtaining such a dataset for any new domain can be very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Zhenzhen Weng , Mehmet Giray Ogut , Shai Limonchik , Serena Yeung

The distribution of data in the world (eg, internet, etc.) significantly differs from the well-curated datasets and is often over-populated with samples from common categories. The algorithms designed for well-curated datasets perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Harsh Rangwani

Real-world data is often unbalanced and long-tailed, but deep models struggle to recognize rare classes in the presence of frequent classes. To address unbalanced data, most studies try balancing the data, the loss, or the classifier to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Dvir Samuel , Gal Chechik

This paper establishes the functional convergence of the Extreme Nelson--Aalen and Extreme Kaplan--Meier estimators, which are designed to capture the heavy-tailed behaviour of censored losses. The resulting limit representations can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-22 Martin Bladt , Christoffer Øhlenschlæger

Contemporary autonomous vehicle (AV) benchmarks have advanced techniques for training 3D detectors, particularly on large-scale lidar data. Surprisingly, although semantic class labels naturally follow a long-tailed distribution,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Neehar Peri , Achal Dave , Deva Ramanan , Shu Kong

Small data learning problems are characterized by a significant discrepancy between the limited amount of response variable observations and the large feature space dimension. In this setting, the common learning tools struggle to identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Edoardo Vecchi , Davide Bassetti , Fabio Graziato , Lukas Pospisil , Illia Horenko

Despite the previous success of object analysis, detecting and segmenting a large number of object categories with a long-tailed data distribution remains a challenging problem and is less investigated. For a large-vocabulary classifier,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Jialian Wu , Liangchen Song , Tiancai Wang , Qian Zhang , Junsong Yuan

Long-tailed recognition is ubiquitous and challenging in deep learning and even in the downstream finetuning of foundation models, since the skew class distribution generally prevents the model generalization to the tail classes. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jiaan Luo , Feng Hong , Qiang Hu , Xiaofeng Cao , Feng Liu , Jiangchao Yao

In real-world data, long-tailed data distribution is common, making it challenging for models trained on empirical risk minimisation to learn and classify tail classes effectively. While many studies have sought to improve long tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Ziheng Wang , Toni Lassila , Sharib Ali

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is essential for safe deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs). This problem becomes particularly challenging in the presence of long-tailed in-distribution (ID) datasets, often leading to high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Nimeshika Udayangani , Hadi M. Dolatabadi , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie