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Parker Solar Probes's (PSP)'s unique orbital path allows us to observe the solar wind closer to the Sun than ever before. Essential to advancing our knowledge of solar wind and energetic particle formation is identifying the sources of PSP…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Samantha Wallace , Shaela I. Jones , C. Nick Arge , Nicholeen Viall , Carl J. Henney

We study the influence of the spatial resolution on scales of $5\deg$ and smaller of solar surface magnetic field maps on global magnetohydrodynamic solar wind models, and on a model of coronal heating and X-ray emission. We compare the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-13 C. Garraffo , O. Cohen , J. J. Drake , C. Downs

Recent evidence from Parker Solar Probe on the suprathermal electrons with Kappa-type velocity distributions in the outer corona has revived interest in the kinetic-based macro-modelling of the solar (SW), aiming to explain its properties.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 Alexander Vinogradov , Marian Lazar , Ioannis Zouganelis , Viviane Pierrard , Stefaan Poedts

The space-weather conditions that result from stellar winds significantly impact the habitability of exoplanets. The conditions can be calculated from first principles if the necessary boundary conditions -- namely on the plasma density in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 I. Davis , H. K. Vedantham , J. R. Callingham , T. W. Shimwell , A. A. Vidotto , P. Zarka , T. P. Ray , A. Drabent

We present the results of a detailed numerical simulation of the circumstellar environment around three exoplanet-hosting stars. A state-of-the-art global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model is considered, including Alfv\'en wave dissipation as…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 J. D. Alvarado-Gómez , G. A. J. Hussain , O. Cohen , J. J. Drake , C. Garraffo , J. Grunhut , T. I. Gombosi

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations have revealed that most of the solar wind acceleration occurs very close to the Sun. This acceleration is partly due to the global electric potential originating from the mass disparity between…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-14 Maximilien Péters de Bonhome , Viviane Pierrard , Fabio Bacchini

In-situ measurements of the solar wind, a turbulent and anisotropic plasma flow originating at the Sun, are mostly carried out by single spacecraft, resulting in one-dimensional time series. The conversion of these measurements to the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-22 Norbert Magyar , Jaye Verniero , Adam Szabo , Jiyuan Zhang , Tom Van Doorsselaere

A model is presented for generation of fast solar wind in coronal holes, relying on heating that is dominated by turbulent dissipation of MHD fluctuations transported upwards in the solar atmosphere. Scale-separated transport equations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 A. Verdini , M. Velli , W. H. Matthaeus , S. Oughton , P. Dmitruk

In this work we describe a numerical optimization method for computing stationary MHD-equilibria. The newly developed code is based on a nonlinear force-free optimization principle. We apply our code to model the solar corona using synoptic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-11 Thomas Wiegelmann , Thomas Neukirch , Dieter H. Nickeler , Iulia Chifu

HUXt is an open source numerical model of the solar wind written in Python. It is based on the solution of the 1D inviscid Burger's equation. This reduced-physics approach produces solar wind flow simulations that closely emulate the flow…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-04 Luke Barnard , Mathew Owens

Context. The solar chromosphere is the interface between the solar surface and the solar corona. Modelling of this region is difficult because it represents the transition from optically thick to thin radiation escape, from gas-pressure…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-09 Mats Carlsson , Viggo H. Hansteen , Boris V. Gudiksen , Jorrit Leenaarts , Bart De Pontieu

We propose an analytical model based on the solution of the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations for studying the origin of intrinsic magnetospheres. For this purpose, we reveal a new gauge condition for the electromagnetic vector…

Space Physics · Physics 2014-02-13 M. Mendoza , J. Morales

The physical properties responsible for the formation and evolution of the corona and heliosphere are still not completely understood. 3D MHD global modeling is a powerful tool to investigate all the possible candidate processes. To fully…

Context. High resolution magnetic field measurements are routinely done only in the solar photosphere. Higher layers like the chromosphere and corona can be modeled by extrapolating the photospheric magnetic field upward. In the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-26 Xiaoshuai Zhu , Thomas Wiegelmann , Sami Solanki

At present, the heliosphere is embedded in a warm low density interstellar cloud that belongs to a cloud system flowing through the local standard of rest with a velocity near ~18 km/s. The velocity structure of the nearest interstellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Hans-R. Mueller , Priscilla C. Frisch , Vladimir Florinski , Gary P. Zank

Estimates of the photospheric magnetic, electric and plasma velocity fields are essential for studying the dynamics of the solar atmosphere, for example through the derivative quantities of Poynting and relative helicity flux and by using…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-18 E. Lumme , J. Pomoell , E. K. J. Kilpua

Decades of in-situ solar wind measurements have clearly established the variation of solar wind physical parameters. These variable parameters have been used to classify the solar wind magnetized plasma into different types leading to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-17 Tom Narock , Sanchita Pal , Aryana Arsham , Ayris Narock , Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla

We present a three-dimensional numerical model for the generation and evolution of the magnetic field in the solar convection zone, in which sunspots are produced and contribute to the cyclic reversal of the large-scale magnetic field. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-30 Rohit Kumar , Laurène Jouve , Rui F. Pinto , Alexis P. Rouillard

In-situ measurements by several spacecraft have revealed that the solar wind is frequently perturbed by transient structures (magnetic folds, jets, waves, flux-ropes) that propagate rapidly away from the Sun over large distances. Parker…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-15 R. F. Pinto , N. Poirier , A. P. Rouillard , A. Kouloumvakos , L. Griton , N. Fargette , R. Kieokaew , B. Lavraud , A. S. Brun

The topology of the coronal magnetic field produces a strong impact on the properties of the solar corona and presumably on the origin of the slow solar wind. To advance our understanding of this impact, we revisit the concept of so-called…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 R. Lionello , V. S. Titov , Z. Mikić , J. A. Linker