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The exotic physics emerging in non-Hermitian systems with balanced distributions of gain and loss has drawn a great deal of attention in recent years. These systems exhibit phase transitions and exceptional point singularities in their…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-17 Arik Bergman , Robert Duggan , Kavita Sharma , Moshe Tur , Avi Zadok , Andrea Alu

Exceptional points (EPs), the degeneracy point of non-Hermitian systems, have recently attracted great attention after its ability to greatly enhance the sensitivity of micro-cavities is demonstrated experimentally. Unlike the usual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Geng-Li Zhang , Di Liu , Xi-Ming Wang , Man-Hong Yung

Coupled nanolasers are of growing interest for on-chip optical computation and data transmission, which requires an understanding of how lasers interact to form complex systems. The non-Hermitian interaction between two coupled resonators,…

With the progress of optical detection technology, the classical diffraction limit raised a hundred years ago has been continuously broken through. In previous experiments within fluorescence sources, one of the techniques used is detecting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-20 Xiao Liang , Yong-Sheng Zhang

Describing the evolution of quantum systems by means of non-Hermitian generators opens a new avenue to explore the dynamical properties naturally emerging in such a picture, e.g. operation at the so-called exceptional points, preservation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 Javid Naikoo , Ravindra W. Chhajlany , Jan Kolodynski

In the quantum sensing context most of the efforts to design novel quantum techniques of sensing have been constrained to idealized, noise-free scenarios, in which effects of environmental disturbances could be neglected. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-17 C. Vitelli , N. Spagnolo , L. Toffoli , F. Sciarrino , F. De Martini

Photon losses are intrinsic for any translationally invariant optical imaging system with a non-trivial Point Spread Function, and the relation between the transmission factor and the coherence properties of an imaged object is universal --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Stanislaw Kurdzialek

We examine the physical manifestations of exceptional points and passage times in a two-level system which is subjected to quantum measurements and which admits a non-Hermitian description. Using an effective Hamiltonian acting in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 A. Thilagam

The non-analyticity induced by exceptional points (EPs) has manifestations not only in non-Hermitian but also in Hermitian systems. In this work, we focus on a minimal Hermitian bosonic Kitaev model to reveal the dynamical demonstration of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 D. K. He , Z. Song

Exceptional points~(EPs) appear as degeneracies in the spectrum of non-Hermitian matrices at which the eigenvectors coalesce. In general, an EP of order $n$ may find room to emerge if $2(n-1)$ real constraints are imposed. Our results show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-29 Sharareh Sayyad , Flore K. Kunst

Quantum physics can be extended into the complex domain by considering non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that are $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric. These exhibit exceptional points (EPs) where the eigenspectrum changes from purely real to purely imaginary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jia-Jia Wang , Yu-Hong He , Chang-Geng Liao , Rong-Xin Chen , Jacob A. Dunningham

Dissipation usually plays a negative role in quantum metrological technologies, which aim to improve measurement precision by leveraging quantum effects that are vulnerable to environment-induced decoherence. Recently, it has been…

Non-Hermitian systems have attracted considerable interest over the last few decades due to their unique spectral and dynamical properties not encountered in Hermitian counterparts. An intensely debated question is whether non-Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Ievgen I. Arkhipov , Franco Nori , Şahin K. Özdemir

Exceptional point (EP)-based optical sensors exhibit exceptional sensitivity but poor detectivity due to their acute sensitivity to perturbations such as noise. When the optical budget is limited as in applications on mobile platforms, high…

Optics · Physics 2024-03-19 Zhichao Li , Ciril S. Prasad , Xielin Wang , Ding Zhang , Gururaj V. Naik

A laser exhibits both controllable gain and loss and, under proper design conditions, is an ideal non-Hermitian system allowing the direct observation and engineering of spectral singularities such as exceptional points (EPs). A dual…

We theoretically explore the role of mesoscopic fluctuations and noise on the spectral and temporal properties of systems of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric coupled gain-loss resonators operating near the exceptional point, where eigenvalues and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-18 N. Asger Mortensen , P. A. D. Gonçalves , Mercedeh Khajavikhan , Demetrios N. Christodoulides , C. Tserkezis , C. Wolff

Open systems with non-Hermitian degeneracies called exceptional points show a significantly enhanced response to perturbations in terms of large energy splittings induced by a small perturbation. This reaction can be quantified by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-08 Jan Wiersig

Resolving the separation between two incoherent optical sources with high precision is of great significance for fluorescence imaging and astronomical observations. In this paper, we focus on a more general scenario where two sources have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Jian-Dong Zhang , Yiwen Fu , Lili Hou , Shuai Wang

We consider non-Hermitian tight-binding one-dimensional Hamiltonians and show that imposing a certain symmetry causes all eigenvalues to pair up and the corresponding eigenstates to coalesce in pairs. This Pairwise Coalescence (PC) is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Yusuf H. Erdogan , Masudul Haque

Exceptional points (EPs) are remarkable spectral degeneracies in a non-Hermitian system's parameter space, where both eigenvalues and eigenstates coalesce. Here, we show that in non-Hermitian molecular chiral systems the position of EPs in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Nicola Mayer , Alexander Löhr , Nimrod Moiseyev , Misha Ivanov , Olga Smirnova