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Propagating photons serve as essential links for distributing quantum information and entanglement across distant nodes. Knowledge of their Wigner functions not only enables their deployment as active information carriers but also provides…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Qi-Ming Chen , Aarne Keränen , Aashish Sah , Mikko Möttönen

We theoretically analyze phase sensitivity using parity detection based Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with the input states generated by performing non-Gaussian operations, viz., photon subtraction, photon addition, and photon catalysis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Chandan Kumar , Rishabh , Shikhar Arora

We have reconstructed the quantum state of optical pulses containing single photons using the method of phase-randomized pulsed optical homodyne tomography. The single-photon Fock state |1> was prepared using conditional measurements on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. I. Lvovsky , H. Hansen , T. Aichele , O. Benson , J. Mlynek , S. Schiller

The quasiprobability distribution of the discrete Wigner function provides a complete description of a quantum state and is, therefore, a useful alternative to the usual density matrix description. Moreover, the experimental quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Deepesh Khushwani , Priya Batra , V. R. Krithika , T. S. Mahesh

Most methods for experimentally reconstructing the quantum state of light involve determining a quasiprobability distribution such as the Wigner function. In this paper we present a scheme for measuring individual density matrix elements in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. L. Pregnell , D. T. Pegg

The Wigner function was introduced as an attempt to describe quantum-mechanical fields with the tools inherited from classical statistical mechanics. In particular, it is widely used to describe the properties of radiation fields. In fact,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Juan Camilo López Carreño

An analysis of the homodyne tomography process that is often used to determine the Wigner functions of quantum optical states is performed to consider the effects of the spatiotemporal degrees of freedom. The homodyne tomography process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Filippus S. Roux

States with a negative Wigner function, a significant subclass of nonclassical states, serve as a valuable resource for various quantum information processing tasks. Here, we provide a criterion for detecting such quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Bivas Mallick , Sudip Chakrabarty , Saheli Mukherjee , Ananda G. Maity , A. S. Majumdar

Utilizing the tools of quantum optics to prepare and manipulate quantum states of motion of a mechanical resonator is currently one of the most promising routes to explore non-classicality at a macroscopic scale. An important quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-05 M. R. Vanner , I. Pikovski , M. S. Kim

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) experiment was a benchmark in quantum optics, evidencing the quantum nature of the photon. In order to go deeper, and obtain the complete information about the quantum state of a system, for instance, composed by…

A method for characterising the wave-function of freely-propagating particles would provide a useful tool for developing quantum-information technologies with single electronic excitations. Previous continuous-variable quantum tomography…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 J. D. Fletcher , N. Johnson , E. Locane , P. See , J. P. Griffiths , I. Farrer , D. A. Ritchie , P. W. Brouwer , V. Kashcheyevs , M. Kataoka

We present the experimental reconstruction of the Wigner function of an individual electronic spin qubit associated with a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond at room temperature. This spherical Wigner function contains the same…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Bing Chen , Jianpei Geng , Feifei Zhou , Lingling Song , Heng Shen , Nanyang Xu

Non-Gaussian states of light are essential for numerous quantum information protocols; thus, certifying non-Gaussianity is crucial. Full quantum state tomography, commonly used for this purpose, is a complicated procedure and yields…

In quantum optics, the quantum state of a light beam is represented through the Wigner function, a density on $\mathbb R^2$ which may take negative values but must respect intrinsic positivity constraints imposed by quantum physics. In the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-24 Karim Lounici , Katia Meziani , Gabriel Peyré

We calculate exactly the quantum mechanical, temporal Wigner quasiprobability density for a single-mode, degenerate parametric amplifier for a system in the Gaussian state, viz., a displaced-squeezed thermal state. The Wigner function…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-16 Moorad Alexanian

We present the reconstruction of the Wigner function of a classical phase-sensitive state, a pulsed coherent state, by measurements of the distributions of detected-photons of the state displaced by a coherent probe field. By using a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 Maria Bondani , Alessia Allevi , Alessandra Andreoni

We show with explicit formulas that one can completely identify an unknown quantum process with only one weakly entangled state; and identify a quantum optical Gaussian process with either one two-mode squeezed state or a few different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-05 Xiang-Bin Wang , J. -Z. Hu , Z. -W. Yu , Franco Nori

We experimentally demonstrate the reconstruction of a photon number conditioned state without using a photon number discriminating detector. By using only phase randomized homodyne measurements, we reconstruct up to the three photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 H. M. Chrzanowski , S. M. Assad , Julien Bernu , Boris Hage , A. P. Lund , T. C. Ralph , P. K. Lam , T. Symul

We derive sampling functions for estimation of quantum state fidelity with Schr\"odinger cat-like states, which are defined as superpositions of two coherent states with opposite amplitudes. We also provide sampling functions for fidelity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Jaromir Fiurasek , Miroslav Jezek

Many applications in quantum communication, sensing and computation need provably quantum non-Gaussian light. Recently such light, witnessed by a negative Wigner function, has been estimated using homodyne tomography from a single atom…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Jitendra K. Verma , Lukáš Lachman , Radim Filip