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We consider the problems of classification and intrinsic dimension estimation on image data. A new subspace based classifier is proposed for supervised classification or intrinsic dimension estimation. The distribution of the data in each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Liang Liao , Stephen John Maybank

Intrinsic dimensionality (ID) is one of the most fundamental characteristics of multi-dimensional data point clouds. Knowing ID is crucial to choose the appropriate machine learning approach as well as to understand its behavior and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Jonathan Bac , Andrei Zinovyev

We perform a deeper analysis of an axiomatic approach to the concept of intrinsic dimension of a dataset proposed by us in the IJCNN'07 paper (arXiv:cs/0703125). The main features of our approach are that a high intrinsic dimension of a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2009-11-17 Vladimir Pestov

The local intrinsic dimension (LID) of data is a fundamental quantity in signal processing and learning theory, but quantifying the LID of high-dimensional, complex data has been a historically challenging task. Recent works have discovered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Eric Yeats , Aaron Jacobson , Darryl Hannan , Yiran Jia , Timothy Doster , Henry Kvinge , Scott Mahan

This paper addresses the following questions pertaining to the intrinsic dimensionality of any given image representation: (i) estimate its intrinsic dimensionality, (ii) develop a deep neural network based non-linear mapping, dubbed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Sixue Gong , Vishnu Naresh Boddeti , Anil K. Jain

The intrinsic dimensionality refers to the ``true'' dimensionality of the data, as opposed to the dimensionality of the data representation. For example, when attributes are highly correlated, the intrinsic dimensionality can be much lower…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-30 Erik Thordsen , Erich Schubert

Datasets such as images, text, or movies are embedded in high-dimensional spaces. However, in important cases such as images of objects, the statistical structure in the data constrains samples to a manifold of dramatically lower…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Stefano Recanatesi , Matthew Farrell , Madhu Advani , Timothy Moore , Guillaume Lajoie , Eric Shea-Brown

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide atomistic insights into the structure, dynamics, and function of biomolecules by generating time-resolved, high-dimensional trajectories. Analyzing such data benefits from estimating the minimal…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-02 Irene Cazzaniga , Toni Giorgino

This paper deals with a new filter algorithm for selecting the smallest subset of features carrying all the information content of a data set (i.e. for removing redundant features). It is an advanced version of the fractal dimension…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-06 Jean Golay , Mikhail Kanevski

This paper reconsiders common benchmarking approaches to nearest neighbor search. It is shown that the concept of local intrinsic dimensionality (LID) allows to choose query sets of a wide range of difficulty for real-world datasets.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Martin Aumüller , Matteo Ceccarello

Building fair deep neural networks (DNNs) is a crucial step towards achieving trustworthy artificial intelligence. Delving into deeper factors that affect the fairness of DNNs is paramount and serves as the foundation for mitigating model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Lingling Li , Wenping Ma , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu , Puhua Chen

Modern datasets are characterized by a large number of features that may conceal complex dependency structures. To deal with this type of data, dimensionality reduction techniques are essential. Numerous dimensionality reduction methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-02 Francesco Denti , Diego Doimo , Alessandro Laio , Antonietta Mira

Machine learning models can generalize well on real-world datasets. According to the manifold hypothesis, this is possible because datasets lie on a latent manifold with small intrinsic dimension (ID). There exist many methods for ID…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Aritra Das , Joseph T. Iosue , Victor V. Albert

Information about intrinsic dimension is crucial to perform dimensionality reduction, compress information, design efficient algorithms, and do statistical adaptation. In this paper we propose an estimator for the intrinsic dimension of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-09 Paulo Serra , Michel Mandjes

Local intrinsic dimension (LID) estimation methods have received a lot of attention in recent years thanks to the progress in deep neural networks and generative modeling. In opposition to old non-parametric methods, new methods use…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-24 Piotr Tempczyk , Łukasz Garncarek , Dominik Filipiak , Adam Kurpisz

Modern datasets often contain high-dimensional features exhibiting complex dependencies. To effectively analyze such data, dimensionality reduction methods rely on estimating the dataset's intrinsic dimension (id) as a measure of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dhruv Gupta , Aditya Nagarsekar , Vraj Shah , Sujith Thomas

In this note we discuss a common misconception, namely that embeddings are always used to reduce the dimensionality of the item space. We show that when we measure dimensionality in terms of information entropy then the embedding of sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Maxim Naumov

A new dimension reduction (DR) method for data sets is proposed by autonomous deforming of data manifolds. The deformation is guided by the proposed deforming vector field, which is defined by two kinds of virtual interactions between data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Xiaodong Zhuang

We consider a common measurement paradigm, where an unknown subset of an affine space is measured by unknown continuous quasi-convex functions. Given the measurement data, can one determine the dimension of this space? In this paper, we…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-07-08 Min-Chun Wu , Vladimir Itskov

In recent years, there has been interest in how geometric properties such as intrinsic dimension (ID) of a neural network's hidden representations change through its layers, and how such properties are predictive of important model behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Nicholas Konz , Maciej A. Mazurowski