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We consider the problem of testing independence in mixed-type data that combine count variables with positive, absolutely continuous variables. We first introduce two distinct classes of test statistics in the bivariate setting, designed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Dana Bucalo Jelić , Marija Cuparić , Bojana Milošević

The analysis of contingency tables is a powerful statistical tool used in experiments with categorical variables. This study improves parts of the theory underlying the use of contingency tables. Specifically, the linkage disequilibrium…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-04 Friedrich Teuscher

In this paper, we introduce a ${\mathcal L}_2$ type test for testing mutual independence and banded dependence structure for high dimensional data. The test is constructed based on the pairwise distance covariance and it accounts for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-20 Shun Yao , Xianyang Zhang , Xiaofeng Shao

Conditional independence (CI) tests underlie many approaches to model testing and structure learning in causal inference. Most existing CI tests for categorical and ordinal data stratify the sample by the conditioning variables, perform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-06 Ankur Ankan , Johannes Textor

Pearson's Chi-square test is a widely used tool for analyzing categorical data, yet its statistical power has remained theoretically underexplored. Due to the difficulties in obtaining its power function in the usual manner, Cochran (1952)…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-24 Qingyang Zhang

Given well-shuffled data, can we determine whether the data items are statistically (in)dependent? Formally, we consider the problem of testing whether a set of exchangeable random variables are independent. We will show that this is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Marcus Hutter

Expert systems applications that involve uncertain inference can be represented by a multidimensional contingency table. These tables offer a general approach to inferring with uncertain evidence, because they can embody any form of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 David S. Vaughan , Bruce M. Perrin , Robert M. Yadrick , Peter D. Holden , Karl G. Kempf

We consider a system of dependent Poisson variables, where each variable is the sum of an independent variate and a common variate. It is the common variate that creates the dependence. Within this system, a test of independence may be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-19 Rolf Larsson

The question of testing for equality in distribution between two linear models, each consisting of sums of distinct discrete independent random variables with unequal numbers of observations, has emerged from the biological research. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-01 Giulio Prevedello , Ken R. Duffy

It is a common saying that testing for conditional independence, i.e., testing whether whether two random vectors $X$ and $Y$ are independent, given $Z$, is a hard statistical problem if $Z$ is a continuous random variable (or vector). In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Rajen D. Shah , Jonas Peters

The main goal of this article is to study how an auxiliary information can be used to improve the efficiency of two famous statistical tests: the $ Z$-test and the chi-square test. Many definitions of auxiliary information can be found in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-03 Mickael Albertus

Combining individual p-values to aggregate multiple small effects has a long-standing interest in statistics, dating back to the classic Fisher's combination test. In modern large-scale data analysis, correlation and sparsity are common…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-30 Yaowu Liu , Jun Xie

Measuring dependence between two events, or equivalently between two binary random variables, amounts to expressing the dependence structure inherent in a $2\times 2$ contingency table in a real number between $-1$ and $1$. Countless such…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-13 Marc-Oliver Pohle , Timo Dimitriadis , Jan-Lukas Wermuth

We propose a novel statistical test to assess the mutual independence of multidimensional random vectors. Our approach is based on the $L_1$-distance between the joint density function and the product of the marginal densities associated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-19 Nour-Eddine Berrahou , Salim Bouzebda , Lahcen Douge

We propose a test of independence of two multivariate random vectors, given a sample from the underlying population. Our approach, which we call MINT, is based on the estimation of mutual information, whose decomposition into joint and…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-20 Thomas B. Berrett , Richard J. Samworth

Testing cross-sectional independence in panel data models is of fundamental importance in econometric analysis with high-dimensional panels. Recently, econometricians began to turn their attention to the problem in the presence of serial…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-18 Hongfei Wang , Binghui Liu , Long Feng , Yanyuan Ma

Hypothesis tests are a crucial statistical tool for data mining and are the workhorse of scientific research in many fields. Here we study differentially private tests of independence between a categorical and a continuous variable. We take…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-25 Simon Couch , Zeki Kazan , Kaiyan Shi , Andrew Bray , Adam Groce

In this paper we present a method ofcomputing the posterior probability ofconditional independence of two or morecontinuous variables from data,examined at several resolutions. Ourapproach is motivated by theobservation that the appearance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Dimitris Margaritis , Sebastian Thrun

In this research, inferential theory for hypothesis testing under general convex cone alternatives for correlated data is developed. While there exists extensive theory for hypothesis testing under smooth cone alternatives with independent…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Ramani S. Pilla

Tests of independence are an important tool in applications, specifically in connection with the detection of a relationship between variables; they also have initiated many developments in statistical theory. In the present paper we build…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-13 L. Baringhaus , R. Grübel