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The energy of gravitational waves is a fundamental problem in gravity theory. The existing descriptions for the energy of gravitational waves, such as the well-known Isaacson energy-momentum tensor, suffer from several defects. Due to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-23 Rong-Gen Cai , Xing-Yu Yang , Long Zhao

This document contains refereed supplementary information for the paper ``Rapid planetesimal formation in turbulent circumstellar discs''. It contains 15 sections (\S1.1 -- \S1.15) that address a number of subjects related to the main…

We present a global approach of non-dissipative physics. Based on symplectic mechanics this technique allows us to obtain the solution of a very large class of problems in terms of a Taylor expand. We apply this method to the problem of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Perez , M. Lachieze-Rey

We define gravitational mass operator of a hydrogen atom in the post-Newtonian approximation of the General Relativity and show that it does not commute with energy operator. Nevertheless, the equivalence between the expectation values of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-24 A. G. Lebed

The energy of gravitating systems has been an issue since Einstein proposed general relativity: considered to be ill defined, having no proper local density. Energy-momentum is now regarded as \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-15 Chiang-Mei Chen , Jian-Liang Liu , James M. Nester

Granular gas mixtures modeled as systems of inelastic and rough particles, either hard disks on a plane or hard spheres, are considered. Both classes of systems are embedded in a three-dimensional space ($d=3$) but, while in the hard-sphere…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-14 Alberto Megías , Andrés Santos

It is shown here in the framework of standard General Relativity that the gravitational potential in static spacetime, equivalently the redshift factor, inside any kind of matter, can be derived from maximum entropy principle. It is used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-15 Zacharias Roupas

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the problem of energy and momentum distributions of Van Stockum space-time within the framework of two different theories of gravity, general relativity and teleparallel gravity. We have shown that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-26 Ragab M Gad , H. A. Alharbi

As the mass-energy is universally self-gravitating, the gravitational binding energy must be subtracted self-consistently from its bare mass value so as to give the physical gravitational mass. Such a self-consistent gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Kumar

In the framework of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity it is possible to establish the energy-momentum tensor of the gravitational field. This tensor has the following essential features: (1) it is identified directly in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 J. W. Maluf

By performing a global magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulation for the Milky Way with an axisymmetric gravitational potential, we propose that spatially dependent amplification of magnetic fields possibly explains the observed noncircular…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-22 Takeru K. Suzuki , Yasuo Fukui , Kazufumi Torii , Mami Machida , Ryoji Matsumoto , Kensuke Kakiuchi

We propose a new model for the description of a gravitating multi particle system, viewed as a kinetic gas. The properties of the, colliding or non-colliding, particles are encoded into a so called one-particle distribution function, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-11 Manuel Hohmann , Christian Pfeifer , Nicoleta Voicu

The gravitational energy-momentum and angular momentum satisfy the algebra of the Poincare group in the full phase space of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. The expression for the gravitational energy-momentum may be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 J. W. Maluf , S. C. Ulhoa

In 2D simulations of thin gaseous disks with embedded planets or self-gravity the gravitational potential needs to be smoothed to avoid singularities in the numerical evaluation of the gravitational potential or force. In order to correctly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-14 T. W. A. Müller , W. Kley , F. Meru

We applied a criterion of gravitational instability, valid for two-component and infinitesimally thin discs, to observational data along the major axis for 7 spiral galaxies of early types. Unlike most papers, the dispersion equation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-04-24 A. A. Marchuk , N. Y. Sotnikova

In this paper, we use the general theory worked out within the past few years for the structure and the evolution of low-mass stars to derive the stellar mass-function in the Galactic disk down to the vicinity of the hydrogen-burning limit,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-21 G. Chabrier

The description of the gravitation energy is a long standing problem. Although some success has been achieved, there is no satisfactory solution to this problem yet. Probably the most promising approach to this problem is given by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 R. D. Costa , J. B. Formiga

A simple and {\it innocent} modification of Poisson's equation leads to a modified Newtonnian theory of gravitation where a localized and {\it positive} energy density of the gravitational field contributes to its own source. The result is…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-05-17 Lluis Bel

We report on the results of the first 3D SPH simulation of massive, gravitationally unstable protoplanetary disks with radiative transfer. We adopt a flux-limited diffusion scheme justified by the high opacity of most of the disk. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Lucio Mayer , Graeme Lufkin , Thomas Quinn , James Wadsley

The difficulties with which the concept of point-like particles is beset, such as the infinities encountered in the existing theories of elementary particles, suggest a different approach to the study of these particles. Instead of…

General Physics · Physics 2011-07-25 Seyyed Mahmoud Hessaby