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Modeling reflections from 2D images is essential for photorealistic rendering and novel view synthesis. Recent approaches enhance Gaussian primitives with reflection-related material attributes to enable physically based rendering (PBR)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wenyuan Zhang , Jimin Tang , Weiqi Zhang , Yi Fang , Yu-Shen Liu , Zhizhong Han

We propose a theoretical framework for the image source method that generalizes to arbitrary reflecting boundaries, e.g. boundaries that are curved or even with certain openings. Furthermore, it can seamlessly incorporate boundary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-01 Pierre Quinton , Pablo Martínez-Nuevo , Martin B. Møller

We present an inverse method to compute freeform optical surfaces that transform a light distribution, parameterized by two source planes, into two separate target distributions. The surfaces can be reflectors or lenses, and control both…

We describe gravitational lensing by a gravitational wave, in the regime in which multiple images of a light source are created. We adapt the vector formalism employed for ordinary gravitational lenses to the case of a non-stationary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Valerio Faraoni

Geometrical optics provides an instructive insight into Brownian motion, ``pushed" into a large-deviations regime by imposed constraints. Here we extend geometrical optics of Brownian motion by accounting for diffusion inhomogeneity in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-09-26 Tal Bar , Baruch Meerson

We describe light-reflection properties of spherically curved mirrors, like balls in the Christmas tree. In particular, we study the position of the image which is formed somewhere beyond the surface of a spherical mirror, when an eye…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Eef van Beveren , Frieder Kleefeld , George Rupp

The problem of the reflectance of a photon by a metallic mirror whose position is treated quantum mechanically is considered. The interaction between the metallic surface and the light is treated classically. It is shown that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-25 Pablo L. Saldanha

We use geometrical optics and the caustic-touching theorem to study, in an exact way, the change in the topology of the image of an object obtained by reflections on an arbitrary smooth surface. Since the procedure that we use to compute…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Edwin Román-Hernández , Gilberto Silva-Ortigoza

We consider random flights in $\mathbb{R}^d$ reflecting on the surface of a sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d-1}_R,$ with center at the origin and with radius $R,$ where reflection is performed by means of circular inversion. Random flights studied in…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-02 Alessandro De Gregorio , Enzo Orsingher

We motivate then formulate a novel variant of the near-field reflector problem and call it the near-field reflector problem with spatial restrictions. Let $O$ be an anisotropic point source of light and assume that we are given a bounded…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-01-04 Dylanger Pittman

The radiation arising under uniform motion of non-relativistic charged particle by (or through) perfectly conducting sphere is considered. The rigorous results are obtained using the method of images known from electrostatics.

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2017-07-11 N. F. Shul'ga , V. V. Syshchenko , E. A. Larikova

This paper deals with a challenging, frequently encountered, yet not properly investigated problem in two-frame optical flow estimation. That is, the input frames are compounds of two imaging layers -- one desired background layer of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Jiaolong Yang , Hongdong Li , Yuchao Dai , Robby T. Tan

Tightly focused light beams can exhibit electric fields spinning around any axis including the one transverse to the beams' propagation direction. At certain focal positions, the corresponding local polarization ellipse can degenerate into…

Optics · Physics 2016-07-01 Thomas Bauer , Martin Neugebauer , Gerd Leuchs , Peter Banzer

Diffractive surfaces shape optical wavefronts for applications in spectroscopy, high-speed communication, and imaging. The performance of these structures is primarily determined by how precisely they can be patterned. Fabrication…

The generalization of photon spheres by considering the trajectories of massive particles leads to the definition of Massive Particle Surfaces (MPS). These surfaces are built with the trajectories of massive particles, and have a partial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-06 Boris Bermúdez-Cárdenas , Oscar Lasso Andino

An observer at rest in a uniformly accelerated reference frame experiences a parallel gravitational field, where the rays of light are formed as circular arcs instead of being straight lines. We deduce how a sphere at rest in the Rindler…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-02 E. Eriksen , O. Gron

Single image reflection separation is an ill-posed problem since two scenes, a transmitted scene and a reflected scene, need to be inferred from a single observation. To make the problem tractable, in this work we assume that categories of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-15 Donghoon Lee , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Songhwai Oh

Flying plasma mirrors induced by intense lasers has been proposed as a promising way to generate few-cycle EUV or X-ray lasers. In addition, if such a relativistic plasma mirror can accelerate, then it would serve as an analog black hole to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 Yung-Kun Liu , Pisin Chen , Yuan Fang

Dense stellar environments as hosts of ongoing star formation increase the probability of gravitational encounters among stellar systems during the early stages of evolution. Stellar interaction may occur through non-recurring, hyperbolic…

We show that in the grounded conducting sphere image problem, all the necessary information about the image charge can be found from a mirror equation and a magnification formula. Then, we propose a method to solve the image problem for an…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-07-21 Kolahal Bhattacharya