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As one of the most commonly seen data challenges, missing data, in particular, multiple, non-monotone missing patterns, complicates estimation and inference due to the fact that missingness mechanisms are often not missing at random, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-21 Jianing Dong , Raymond K. W. Wong , Kwun Chuen Gary Chan

Missing data is an important challenge when dealing with high dimensional data arranged in the form of an array. In this paper, we propose methods for estimation of the parameters of array variate normal probability model from partially…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-06 Deniz Akdemir

We study a linear high-dimensional regression model in a semi-supervised setting, where for many observations only the vector of covariates $X$ is given with no response $Y$. We do not make any sparsity assumptions on the vector of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-03 Ilan Livne , David Azriel , Yair Goldberg

We propose an empirically stable and asymptotically efficient covariate-balancing approach to the problem of estimating survival causal effects in data with conditionally-independent censoring. This addresses a challenge often encountered…

Nonresponse after probability sampling is a universal challenge in survey sampling, often necessitating adjustments to mitigate sampling and selection bias simultaneously. This study explored the removal of bias and effective utilization of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-13 Kosuke Morikawa , Kenji Beppu , Wataru Aida

Multivariate matched proportions (MMP) data appears in a variety of contexts including post-market surveillance of adverse events in pharmaceuticals, disease classification, and agreement between care providers. It consists of multiple sets…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-08 Mark J. Meyer , Haobo Cheng , Katherine Hobbs Knutson

Missing data in supervised learning is well-studied, but the specific issue of missing labels during model evaluation has been overlooked. Ignoring samples with missing values, a common solution, can introduce bias, especially when data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Danial Dervovic , Michael Cashmore

Missingness is a common occurrence in educational assessment and psychological measurement. It could not be casually ignored as it may threaten the validity of the test if not handled properly. Considering the difference between omitted and…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-09 Jinxin Guo

In the presence of right-censored data with covariates, the conditional Kaplan-Meier estimator (also known as the Beran estimator) consistently estimates the conditional survival function of the random follow-up for the event of interest.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-15 Mikael Escobar-Bach , Olivier Goudet

Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent technological advancements permit the collection of time-resolved personal exposure data. Such data are often incomplete with missing observations and…

We present a method to analyze sensitivity of frequentist inferences to potential nonignorability of the missingness mechanism. Rather than starting from the selection model, as is typical in such analyses, we assume that the missingness…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-09 Heng Chen , Daniel F. Heitjan

In this paper, we propose an empirical likelihood-based weighted estimator of regression parameter in quantile regression model with nonignorable missing covariates. The proposed estimator is computationally simple and achieves…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-10 Xiaohui Yuan , Xiaogang Dong

Measurement error in the observed values of the variables can greatly change the output of various causal discovery methods. This problem has received much attention in multiple fields, but it is not clear to what extent the causal model…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-14 Kun Zhang , Mingming Gong , Joseph Ramsey , Kayhan Batmanghelich , Peter Spirtes , Clark Glymour

We provide efficient algorithms for the problem of distribution learning from high-dimensional Gaussian data where in each sample, some of the variable values are missing. We suppose that the variables are missing not at random (MNAR). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Arnab Bhattacharyya , Constantinos Daskalakis , Themis Gouleakis , Yuhao Wang

Omitted variable bias can affect treatment effect estimates obtained from observational data due to the lack of random assignment to treatment groups. Sensitivity analyses adjust these estimates to quantify the impact of potential omitted…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-11-10 Carrie A. Hosman , Ben B. Hansen , Paul W. Holland

In this work we show a Bayesian quantile regression method to response variables with mixed discrete-continuous distribution with a point mass at zero, where these observations are believed to be left censored or true zeros. We combine the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-19 Bruno Santos , Heleno Bolfarine

Missing data arises when certain values are not recorded or observed for variables of interest. However, most of the statistical theory assume complete data availability. To address incomplete databases, one approach is to fill the gaps…

We propose a variational autoencoder architecture to model both ignorable and nonignorable missing data using pattern-set mixtures as proposed by Little (1993). Our model explicitly learns to cluster the missing data into missingness…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-08 Sahra Ghalebikesabi , Rob Cornish , Luke J. Kelly , Chris Holmes

Measurement error in observational datasets can lead to systematic bias in inferences based on these datasets. As studies based on observational data are increasingly used to inform decisions with real-world impact, it is critical that we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-29 Roy Adams , Yuelong Ji , Xiaobin Wang , Suchi Saria

This paper provides further insight into the key concept of missing at random (MAR) in incomplete data analysis. Following the usual selection modelling approach we envisage two models with separable parameters: a model for the response of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Guobing Lu , John B. Copas
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