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Related papers: Federated Learning for Non-IID Data via Client Var…

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One of the main challenges of federated learning (FL) is handling non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) client data, which may occur in practice due to unbalanced datasets and use of different data sources across clients.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Peng Wu , Tales Imbiriba , Pau Closas

Federated learning (FL) addresses privacy concerns in training language models by enabling multiple clients to contribute to the training, without sending their data to others. However, non-IID (identically and independently distributed)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jong-Ik Park , Carlee Joe-Wong

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising privacy-preserving distributed machine learning framework recently. It aims at collaboratively learning a shared global model by performing distributed training locally on edge devices and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Jingcai Guo , Song Guo , Jie Zhang , Ziming Liu

We rethink Federated Learning (FL) from a nested learning perspective, framing the core challenge as how to collaboratively learn optimization rules, not just static models, to tackle Non-IID client data. To address this, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hong Chen , Pengcheng Wu , Yuanguo Lin , Peilin Zhao , Xiuze Zhou , Fan Lin , Han Yu

Federated Learning (FL) is an evolving distributed machine learning approach that safeguards client privacy by keeping data on edge devices. However, the variation in data among clients poses challenges in training models that excel across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yongxin Guo , Xiaoying Tang , Tao Lin

As Federated Learning (FL) expands, the challenge of non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data becomes critical. Clustered Federated Learning (CFL) addresses this by training multiple specialized models, each representing a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-21 Michael Ben Ali , Omar El-Rifai , Imen Megdiche , André Peninou , Olivier Teste

Federated Learning (FL) is a way for machines to learn from data that is kept locally, in order to protect the privacy of clients. This is typically done using local SGD, which helps to improve communication efficiency. However, such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yongxin Guo , Xiaoying Tang , Tao Lin

The Federated Learning (FL) workflow of training a centralized model with distributed data is growing in popularity. However, until recently, this was the realm of contributing clients with similar computing capability. The fast expanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Hongrui Shi , Valentin Radu

Federated learning (FL) is an effective technique to directly involve edge devices in machine learning training while preserving client privacy. However, the substantial communication overhead of FL makes training challenging when edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Shiqi He , Qifan Yan , Feijie Wu , Lanjun Wang , Mathias Lécuyer , Ivan Beschastnikh

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized approach for collaborative model training on edge devices. This distributed method of model training offers advantages in privacy, security, regulatory compliance, and cost-efficiency. Our emphasis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Charuka Herath , Xiaolan Liu , Sangarapillai Lambotharan , Yogachandran Rahulamathavan

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm in which a large number of clients coordinate with a central server to learn a model without sharing their own training data. One central server is not enough, due to…

Federated Learning (FL) trains deep models across edge devices without centralizing raw data, preserving user privacy. However, client heterogeneity slows down convergence and limits global model accuracy. Clustered FL (CFL) mitigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Minghao Li , Dmitrii Avdiukhin , Rana Shahout , Nikita Ivkin , Vladimir Braverman , Minlan Yu

Clustered federated learning (CFL) addresses the performance challenges posed by data heterogeneity in federated learning (FL) by organizing edge devices with similar data distributions into clusters, enabling collaborative model training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yuxin Zhang , Haoyu Chen , Zheng Lin , Zhe Chen , Jin Zhao

Federated Learning (FL) enables the training of Deep Learning models without centrally collecting possibly sensitive raw data. The most used algorithms for FL are parameter-averaging based schemes (e.g., Federated Averaging) that, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Alessio Mora , Irene Tenison , Paolo Bellavista , Irina Rish

Federated Learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning framework that allows multiple users to train models utilizing their local data in a distributed manner. However, considerable statistical heterogeneity in local data across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Qi Le , Enmao Diao , Xinran Wang , Vahid Tarokh , Jie Ding , Ali Anwar

Federated Learning (FL) is an exciting new paradigm that enables training a global model from data generated locally at the client nodes, without moving client data to a centralized server. Performance of FL in a multi-access edge computing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Saurav Prakash , Sagar Dhakal , Mustafa Akdeniz , A. Salman Avestimehr , Nageen Himayat

Federated learning (FL) offers a privacy-preserving approach to machine learning for multiple collaborators without sharing raw data. However, the existence of non-independent and non-identically distributed (non-IID) datasets across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yuping Yan , Yizhi Wang , Yingchao Yu , Yaochu Jin

Federated learning (FL) allows edge devices to collaboratively train models without sharing local data. As FL gains popularity, clients may need to train multiple unrelated FL models, but communication constraints limit their ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Haoran Zhang , Zejun Gong , Zekai Li , Marie Siew , Carlee Joe-Wong , Rachid El-Azouzi

Federated Learning (FL) is an evolving machine learning method in which multiple clients participate in collaborative learning without sharing their data with each other and the central server. In real-world applications such as hospitals…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Hussain Ahmad Madni , Rao Muhammad Umer , Gian Luca Foresti

Federated Learning (FL) enables large-scale distributed training of machine learning models, while still allowing individual nodes to maintain data locally. However, executing FL at scale comes with inherent practical challenges: 1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hossein Zakerinia , Shayan Talaei , Giorgi Nadiradze , Dan Alistarh