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This study reveals the inherent tolerance of contrastive learning (CL) towards sampling bias, wherein negative samples may encompass similar semantics (\eg labels). However, existing theories fall short in providing explanations for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Junkang Wu , Jiawei Chen , Jiancan Wu , Wentao Shi , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Contrastive divergence is a popular method of training energy-based models, but is known to have difficulties with training stability. We propose an adaptation to improve contrastive divergence training by scrutinizing a gradient term that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Yilun Du , Shuang Li , Joshua Tenenbaum , Igor Mordatch

Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning has proven effective in deriving high-quality representations from unlabeled data. However, a major challenge that hinders both unimodal and multimodal contrastive learning is feature suppression, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jihai Zhang , Xiang Lan , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng , Mengling Feng , Bryan Hooi

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently been applied to adversarial learning tasks. Such practice considers adversarial samples as additional positive views of an instance, and by maximizing their agreements with each other, yields better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Qiying Yu , Jieming Lou , Xianyuan Zhan , Qizhang Li , Wangmeng Zuo , Yang Liu , Jingjing Liu

As one of the most promising methods in self-supervised learning, contrastive learning has achieved a series of breakthroughs across numerous fields. A predominant approach to implementing contrastive learning is applying InfoNCE loss: By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Bum Jun Kim , Sang Woo Kim

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been proved to be a powerful self-supervised approach for a wide range of domains, including computer vision and graph representation learning. However, the incremental learning issue of CL has rarely been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Cheng Ji , Jianxin Li , Hao Peng , Jia Wu , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Phillip S. Yu

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently emerged as an effective approach to learning representation in a range of downstream tasks. Central to this approach is the selection of positive (similar) and negative (dissimilar) sets to provide the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Anh Bui , Trung Le , He Zhao , Paul Montague , Seyit Camtepe , Dinh Phung

Deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting when continually learning new concepts. In this paper, we analyze this problem from a data imbalance point of view. We argue that the imbalance between old task and new task data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Leyuan Wang , Liuyu Xiang , Yunlong Wang , Huijia Wu , Zhaofeng He

For anomaly detection (AD), early approaches often train separate models for individual classes, yielding high performance but posing challenges in scalability and resource management. Recent efforts have shifted toward training a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Lei Fan , Junjie Huang , Donglin Di , Anyang Su , Tianyou Song , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) models excel at understanding image-text relationships but struggle with adapting to new data without forgetting prior knowledge. To address this, models are typically fine-tuned using both new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ryan King , Gang Li , Bobak Mortazavi , Tianbao Yang

The goal of Continual Learning (CL) task is to continuously learn multiple new tasks sequentially while achieving a balance between the plasticity and stability of new and old knowledge. This paper analyzes that this insufficiency arises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Hanxi Xiao , Fan Lyu

The field of generating recommendations within the framework of causal inference has seen a recent surge, with recommendations being likened to treatments. This approach enhances insights into the influence of recommendations on user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Guanglin Zhou , Chengkai Huang , Xiaocong Chen , Xiwei Xu , Chen Wang , Liming Zhu , Lina Yao

Multimodal Contrastive Learning (MCL) advances in aligning different modalities and generating multimodal representations in a joint space. By leveraging contrastive learning across diverse modalities, large-scale multimodal data enhances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Machine Unlearning has recently garnered significant attention, aiming to selectively remove knowledge associated with specific data while preserving the model's performance on the remaining data. A fundamental challenge in this process is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gaurav Patel , Qiang Qiu

As an exemplary self-supervised approach for representation learning, time-series contrastive learning has exhibited remarkable advancements in contemporary research. While recent contrastive learning strategies have focused on how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Xiyuan Jin , Jing Wang , Lei Liu , Youfang Lin

Existed pre-trained models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various text classification tasks. These models have proven to be useful in learning universal language representations. However, the semantic discrepancy between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Jinhe Lan , Qingyuan Zhan , Chenhao Jiang , Kunping Yuan , Desheng Wang

In contemporary self-supervised contrastive algorithms like SimCLR, MoCo, etc., the task of balancing attraction between two semantically similar samples and repulsion between two samples of different classes is primarily affected by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Siladittya Manna , Soumitri Chattopadhyay , Rakesh Dey , Saumik Bhattacharya , Umapada Pal

Unsupervised contrastive learning has achieved outstanding success, while the mechanism of contrastive loss has been less studied. In this paper, we concentrate on the understanding of the behaviours of unsupervised contrastive loss. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Feng Wang , Huaping Liu

Knowledge-grounded dialogue generation aims to mitigate the issue of text degeneration by incorporating external knowledge to supplement the context. However, the model often fails to internalize this information into responses in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Chenxu Yang , Zheng Lin , Lanrui Wang , Chong Tian , Liang Pang , Jiangnan Li , Qirong Ho , Yanan Cao , Weiping Wang

Human beings can quickly adapt to environmental changes by leveraging learning experience. However, adapting deep neural networks to dynamic environments by machine learning algorithms remains a challenge. To better understand this issue,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Shixiang Tang , Peng Su , Dapeng Chen , Wanli Ouyang
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