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Recently all major weather prediction centres provide forecast ensembles of different weather quantities which are obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models with various initial conditions and model…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-07-20 Sándor Baran , Dóra Nemoda

While numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are essential for forecasting thunderstorms hours in advance, NWP uncertainty, which increases with lead time, limits the predictability of thunderstorm occurrence. This study investigates how…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-02-20 Kianusch Vahid Yousefnia , Tobias Bölle , Christoph Metzl

To be able to produce accurate and reliable predictions of visibility has crucial importance in aviation meteorology, as well as in water- and road transportation. Nowadays, several meteorological services provide ensemble forecasts of…

Applications · Statistics 2024-01-25 Sándor Baran , Mária Lakatos

We present an operations-ready multi-model ensemble weather forecasting system which uses hybrid data-driven weather prediction models coupled with the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ocean model to predict global…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Jonathan A. Weyn , Divya Kumar , Jeremy Berman , Najeeb Kazmi , Sylwester Klocek , Pete Luferenko , Kit Thambiratnam

An ensemble post-processing method is developed for the probabilistic prediction of severe weather (tornadoes, hail, and wind gusts) over the conterminous United States (CONUS). The method combines conditional generative adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yingkai Sha , Ryan A. Sobash , David John Gagne

Producing high-quality forecasts of key climate variables, such as temperature and precipitation, on subseasonal time scales has long been a gap in operational forecasting. This study explores an application of machine learning (ML) models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Elena Orlova , Haokun Liu , Raphael Rossellini , Benjamin A. Cash , Rebecca Willett

Weather forecasts are typically given in the form of forecast ensembles obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models with varying initial conditions and physics parameterizations. Such ensemble predictions tend to be…

Applications · Statistics 2017-01-13 Sebastian Lerch , Sandor Baran

Although numerical weather forecasting methods have dominated the field, recent advances in deep learning methods, such as diffusion models, have shown promise in ensemble weather forecasting. However, such models are typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Kevin Valencia , Ziyang Liu , Justin Cui

To address the uncertainty in outputs of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, ensembles of forecasts are used. To obtain such an ensemble of forecasts the NWP model is run multiple times, each time with different formulations and/or…

Applications · Statistics 2016-05-25 Annette Möller , Jürgen Groß

To cater the rapidly growing demand for electricity leading to the integration of renewable energy sources in power system. Due to intermittent nature of renewables, it also brings challenges for research community during the planning and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-14 Rustam Kumar

Today weather forecasting is conducted using numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, consisting of a set of differential equations describing the dynamics of the atmosphere. The output of such NWP models are single deterministic…

Applications · Statistics 2018-11-07 Annette Möller , Ludovica Spazzini , Daniel Kraus , Thomas Nagler , Claudia Czado

Amounts of historical data collected increase and business intelligence applicability with automatic forecasting of time series are in high demand. While no single time series modeling method is universal to all types of dynamics,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-18 Evaldas Vaiciukynas , Paulius Danenas , Vilius Kontrimas , Rimantas Butleris

Electricity generated from renewable energy sources has been established as an efficient remedy for both energy shortages and the environmental pollution stemming from conventional energy production methods. Solar and wind power are two of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Charalampos Symeonidis , Nikos Nikolaidis

Uncertainty quantification is crucial to decision-making. A prominent example is probabilistic forecasting in numerical weather prediction. The dominant approach to representing uncertainty in weather forecasting is to generate an ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Lizao Li , Rob Carver , Ignacio Lopez-Gomez , Fei Sha , John Anderson

Uncertainty in the prediction of future weather is commonly assessed through the use of forecast ensembles that employ a numerical weather prediction model in distinct variants. Statistical postprocessing can correct for biases in the…

Applications · Statistics 2016-06-16 Annette Möller , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir , Alex Lenkoski , Tilmann Gneiting

The prediction of electrical power in combined cycle power plants is a key challenge in the electrical power and energy systems field. This power output can vary depending on environmental variables, such as temperature, pressure, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-06 Jesus L. Lobo , Igor Ballesteros , Izaskun Oregi , Javier Del Ser

Weather forecasting has seen a shift in methods from numerical simulations to data-driven systems. While initial research in the area focused on deterministic forecasting, recent works have used diffusion models to produce skillful ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Martin Andrae , Tomas Landelius , Joel Oskarsson , Fredrik Lindsten

Weather forecasting is mostly based on the outputs of deterministic numerical weather forecasting models. Multiple runs of these models with different initial conditions result in forecast ensembles which is are used for estimating the…

Applications · Statistics 2015-07-21 Sándor Baran , András Horányi , Dóra Nemoda

The solar wind speed at Earth is one of the most important parameters regarding the effects of space weather on society. Thus far, most approaches for predicting the solar wind speed produce a single-value time series without uncertainty,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-13 Daniel E. da Silva , Yash Parlikar , Shaela I. Jones , Charles N. Arge

Climate change is increasing the occurrence of extreme precipitation events, threatening infrastructure, agriculture, and public safety. Ensemble prediction systems provide probabilistic forecasts but exhibit biases and difficulties in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Christopher Bülte , Sohir Maskey , Philipp Scholl , Jonas von Berg , Gitta Kutyniok