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Given a finite family $\mathcal{F}$ of graphs, we say that a graph $G$ is "$\mathcal{F}$-free" if $G$ does not contain any graph in $\mathcal{F}$ as a subgraph. A vertex-colored graph $H$ is called "rainbow" if no two vertices of $H$ have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran , Mathew C. Francis , Karthik Murali

For a given $\delta \in (0,1)$, the randomly perturbed graph model is defined as the union of any $n$-vertex graph $G_0$ with minimum degree $\delta n$ and the binomial random graph $\mathbf{G}(n,p)$ on the same vertex set. Moreover, we say…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Kyriakos Katsamaktsis , Shoham Letzter , Amedeo Sgueglia

In the $\ell$-Coloring Problem, we are given a graph on $n$ nodes, and tasked with determining if its vertices can be properly colored using $\ell$ colors. In this paper we study below-guarantee graph coloring, which tests whether an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shyan Akmal , Tomohiro Koana

For fixed positive integers $r, k$ and $\ell$ with $1 \leq \ell < r$ and an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$, let $\kappa (H, k,\ell)$ denote the number of $k$-colorings of the set of hyperedges of $H$ for which any two hyperedges in the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-01 Carlos Hoppen , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Hanno Lefmann

Given graphs $G, H_1, H_2$, we write $G \rightarrow ({H}_1, H_2)$ if every $\{$red, blue$\}$-coloring of the edges of $G$ contains a red copy of $H_1$ or a blue copy of $H_2$. A non-complete graph $G$ is $(H_1, H_2)$-co-critical if $G…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Hunter Davenport , Zi-Xia Song , Fan Yang

Given positive integers $p$ and $q$, a $(p,q)$-coloring of the complete graph $K_n$ is an edge-coloring in which every $p$-clique receives at least $q$ colors. Erd\H{o}s and Shelah posed the question of determining $f(n,p,q)$, the minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-26 József Balogh , Sean English , Emily Heath , Robert A. Krueger

We prove two results regarding cycles in properly edge-colored graphs. First, we make a small improvement to the recent breakthrough work of Alon, Pokrovskiy and Sudakov who showed that every properly edge-colored complete graph $G$ on $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-16 Jozsef Balogh , Theodore Molla

We obtain the following new coloring results: * A 3-colorable graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree~$\Delta$ can be colored, in polynomial time, using $O((\Delta \log\Delta)^{1/3} \cdot\log{n})$ colors. This slightly improves an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Eran Halperin , Ram Nathaniel , Uri Zwick

A subgraph of an edge-coloured complete graph is called rainbow if all its edges have different colours. In 1980 Hahn conjectured that every properly edge-coloured complete graph $K_n$ has a rainbow Hamiltonian path. Although this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-26 Noga Alon , Alexey Pokrovskiy , Benny Sudakov

An edge-colored graph is said to be rainbow if all its edges have distinct colors. In this paper, we study the rainbow analogue of a fundamental result of Mader [\emph{Math. Ann.} \textbf{174} (1967), 265--268] on the existence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Peiru Kuang , Yan Wang

Given a graph $G$ and a target graph $H$, an $H$-coloring of $G$ is an adjacency-preserving vertex map from $G$ to $H$. By appropriate choice of $H$, these colorings can express, for instance, the independent sets or proper vertex colorings…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-22 David Galvin , Emily McMillon , JD Nir , Amanda Redlich

A properly edge-colored graph is a graph with a coloring of its edges such that no vertex is incident to two or more edges of the same color. A subgraph is called rainbow if all its edges have different colors. The problem of finding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Benny Sudakov

We consider $m$-colorings of the edges of a complete graph, where each color class is defined semi-algebraically with bounded complexity. The case $m = 2$ was first studied by Alon et al., who applied this framework to obtain surprisingly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-07 Jacob Fox , Janos Pach , Andrew Suk

A path in an edge-coloured graph is called \emph{rainbow path} if its edges receive pairwise distinct colours. An edge-coloured graph is said to be \emph{rainbow connected} if any two distinct vertices of the graph are connected by a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Trung Duy Doan , Ingo Schiermeyer

For fixed integers p and q, let f(n,p,q) denote the minimum number of colors needed to color all of the edges of the complete graph K_n such that no clique of p vertices spans fewer than q distinct colors. A construction is given which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-07 Alex Cameron

We study the color patterns that, for $n$ sufficiently large, are unavoidable in $2$-colorings of the edges of a complete graph $K_n$ with respect to $\min \{e(R), e(B)\}$, where $e(R)$ and $e(B)$ are the numbers of red and, respectively,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-08 Yair Caro , Adriana Hansberg , Amanda Montejano

This paper studies the quantity $p(n,r)$, that is the minimal number of edges of an $n$-uniform hypergraph without panchromatic coloring (it means that every edge meets every color) in $r$ colors. If $r \leq c \frac{n}{\ln n}$ then all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-11 Danila Cherkashin

Let $G$ be an edge-colored graph. We use $e(G)$ and $c(G)$ to denote the number of edges of $G$ and the number of colors appearing on $E(G)$, respectively. For a vertex $v\in V(G)$, the \emph{color neighborhood} of $v$ is defined as the set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Shinya Fujita , Bo Ning , Chuandong Xu , Shenggui Zhang

We study the multicolor Ramsey numbers for paths and even cycles, $R_k(P_n)$ and $R_k(C_n)$, which are the smallest integers $N$ such that every coloring of the complete graph $K_N$ has a monochromatic copy of $P_n$ or $C_n$ respectively.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-15 Charlotte Knierim , Pascal Su

We consider the problem of coloring k-colorable graphs with the fewest possible colors. We present a randomized polynomial time algorithm that colors a 3-colorable graph on $n$ vertices with min O(Delta^{1/3} log^{1/2} Delta log n),…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 David Karger , Rajeev Motwani , Madhu Sudan