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Attentional mechanisms are order-invariant. Positional encoding is a crucial component to allow attention-based deep model architectures such as Transformer to address sequences or images where the position of information matters. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Yang Li , Si Si , Gang Li , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Samy Bengio

We present ResMLP, an architecture built entirely upon multi-layer perceptrons for image classification. It is a simple residual network that alternates (i) a linear layer in which image patches interact, independently and identically…

Relative Positional Encoding (RPE), which encodes the relative distance between any pair of tokens, is one of the most successful modifications to the original Transformer. As far as we know, theoretical understanding of the RPE-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Shengjie Luo , Shanda Li , Shuxin Zheng , Tie-Yan Liu , Liwei Wang , Di He

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) is promising but hindered by a fundamental granularity mismatch. LLMs operate on fragmented token sequences, whereas entities are the fundamental units in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Siyue Su , Jian Yang , Bo Li , Guanglin Niu

Recently, the advent of vision Transformer (ViT) has brought substantial advancements in 3D dataset benchmarks, particularly in 3D volumetric medical image segmentation (Vol-MedSeg). Concurrently, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) network has…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Yi Lin , Xiao Fang , Dong Zhang , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Hao Chen

Position encoding (PE), an essential part of self-attention networks (SANs), is used to preserve the word order information for natural language processing tasks, generating fixed position indices for input sequences. However, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Liang Ding , Longyue Wang , Dacheng Tao

Transformers have shown great potential in computer vision tasks. A common belief is their attention-based token mixer module contributes most to their competence. However, recent works show the attention-based module in Transformers can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Weihao Yu , Mi Luo , Pan Zhou , Chenyang Si , Yichen Zhou , Xinchao Wang , Jiashi Feng , Shuicheng Yan

Recently, vision architectures based exclusively on multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) have gained much attention in the computer vision community. MLP-like models achieve competitive performance on a single 2D image classification with less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Shuo Chen , Tan Yu , Ping Li

We rethink the role of positional encoding in 3D representation learning and fine-tuning. We argue that using positional encoding in point Transformer-based methods serves to aggregate multi-scale features of point clouds. Additionally, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Shaochen Zhang , Zekun Qi , Runpei Dong , Xiuxiu Bai , Xing Wei

Recently, MLP-like vision models have achieved promising performances on mainstream visual recognition tasks. In contrast with vision transformers and CNNs, the success of MLP-like models shows that simple information fusion operations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziyu Wang , Wenhao Jiang , Yiming Zhu , Li Yuan , Yibing Song , Wei Liu

We propose a novel method to enhance the performance of coordinate-MLPs by learning instance-specific positional embeddings. End-to-end optimization of positional embedding parameters along with network weights leads to poor generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Sameera Ramasinghe , Simon Lucey

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse tasks but continue to struggle with learning transitive relations, a cornerstone for complex planning. To address this issue, we investigate the Multi-Token…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qimin Zhong , Hao Liao , Siwei Wang , Mingyang Zhou , Xiaoqun Wu , Rui Mao , Wei Chen

The attention mechanism has become a go-to technique for natural language processing and computer vision tasks. Recently, the MLP-Mixer and other MLP-based architectures, based simply on multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), are also powerful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Tian Lv , Chongyang Bai , Chaojie Wang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a range of multimodal tasks. However, their inference efficiency is constrained by the large number of visual tokens processed during decoding. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yu Meng , Kaiyuan Li , Chenran Huang , Chen Gao , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li , Xiaoping Zhang

Existing visual token compression methods for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) predominantly operate as post-encoder modules, limiting their potential for efficiency gains. To address this limitation, we propose LaCo (Layer-wise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Juntao Liu , Liqiang Niu , Wenchao Chen , Jie Zhou , Fandong Meng

Medical Image Computing (MIC) is a broad research topic covering both pixel-wise (e.g., segmentation, registration) and image-wise (e.g., classification, regression) vision tasks. Effective analysis demands models that capture both global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mingyuan Meng

Collaborative perception allows agents to enhance their perceptual capabilities by exchanging intermediate features. Existing methods typically organize these intermediate features as 2D bird's-eye-view (BEV) representations, which discard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yang Li , Quan Yuan , Guiyang Luo , Xiaoyuan Fu , Rui Pan , Yujia Yang , Congzhang Shao , Yuewen Liu , Jinglin Li

Neural language models process sequences of words, but the mathematical operations inside them are insensitive to the order in which words appear. Positional encodings are the component added to remedy this. Despite their importance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Giansalvo Cirrincione

While the Transformer architecture dominates many fields, its quadratic self-attention complexity hinders its use in large-scale applications. Linear attention offers an efficient alternative, but its direct application often degrades…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Kewei Zhang , Ye Huang , Yufan Deng , Jincheng Yu , Junsong Chen , Huan Ling , Enze Xie , Daquan Zhou

Despite the success of deep learning in domains such as image, voice, and graphs, there has been little progress in deep representation learning for domains without a known structure between features. For instance, a tabular dataset of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Mohammad Kachuee , Sajad Darabi , Shayan Fazeli , Majid Sarrafzadeh