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The possibility to utilize different types of two-qubit gates on a single quantum computing platform adds flexibility in the decomposition of quantum algorithms. A larger hardware-native gate set may decrease the number of required gates,…

We present a method to characterise qubit gates. Utilising the supermap formalism, we create a scheme for deterministic single-qubit gate analysis. Our approach introduces a new twirling process that is applied directly through fixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 David Amaro-Alcalá

The presence of correlations in noisy quantum circuits will be an inevitable side effect as quantum devices continue to grow in size and depth. Randomized Benchmarking (RB) is arguably the simplest method to initially assess the overall…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-05 Shih-Xian Yang , Pedro Figueroa-Romero , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Topological quantum computing promises intrinsic fault tolerance by encoding quantum information in non-Abelian anyons, where quantum gates are implemented via braiding. While braiding operations are robust against local perturbations, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Themba Hodge , Philipp Frey , Stephan Rachel

We propose a scalable scheme for optical quantum computing using measurement-induced continuous-variable quantum gates in a loop-based architecture. Here, time-bin-encoded quantum information in a single spatial mode is deterministically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-27 Shuntaro Takeda , Akira Furusawa

To Characterize and calibrate quantum processing devices a large amount of measurement data has to be collected. Active qubit reset increases the speed at which data can be gathered but requires additional hardware and/or calibration. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Max Werninghaus , Daniel Egger , Stefan Filipp

We present two classical algorithms for the simulation of universal quantum circuits on $n$ qubits constructed from $c$ instances of Clifford gates and $t$ arbitrary-angle $Z$-rotation gates such as $T$ gates. Our algorithms complement each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-27 Hakop Pashayan , Oliver Reardon-Smith , Kamil Korzekwa , Stephen D. Bartlett

We employ quantum-volume random-circuit sampling to benchmark the two-QPU entanglement-assisted distributed quantum computing (DQC) and compare it with single-QPU quantum computing. We first specify a single-qubit depolarizing noise model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Shao-Hua Hu , George Biswas , Jun-Yi Wu

Quantum processors are now able to run quantum circuits that are infeasible to simulate classically, creating a need for benchmarks that assess a quantum processor's rate of errors when running these circuits. Here, we introduce a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Jordan Hines , Timothy Proctor

IBM has made several quantum computers available to researchers around the world via cloud services. Two architectures with five qubits, one with 16, and one with 20 qubits are available to run experiments. The IBM architectures implement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Gerhard W. Dueck , Anirban Pathak , Md Mazder Rahman , Abhishek Shukla , Anindita Banerjee

We study how much noise can be tolerated by a universal gate set before it loses its quantum-computational power. Specifically we look at circuits with perfect stabilizer operations in addition to imperfect non-stabilizer gates. We prove…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-24 Wim van Dam , Mark Howard

Achieving near-term quantum advantage will require accurate estimation of quantum observables despite significant hardware noise. For this purpose, we propose a novel, scalable error-mitigation method that applies to gate-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Piotr Czarnik , Andrew Arrasmith , Patrick J. Coles , Lukasz Cincio

We study the scaling of the convergence of several statistical properties of a recently introduced random unitary circuit ensemble towards their limits given by the circular unitary ensemble (CUE). Our study includes the full distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-23 Ludovic Arnaud , Daniel Braun

With the continued scaling of quantum processors, holistic benchmarks are essential for extensively evaluating device performance. Layer fidelity is a benchmark well-suited to assessing processor performance at scale. Key advantages of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Maria Jose Lozano Palacio , Hasan Nayfeh , Matthew Ware , David C. McKay

In this work, we consider biased-noise qubits affected only by bit-flip errors, which is motivated by existing systems of stabilized cat qubits. This property allows us to design a class of noisy Hadamard-tests involving entangling and…

Quantum computers have now surpassed classical simulation limits, yet noise continues to limit their practical utility. As the field shifts from proof-of-principle demonstrations to early deployments, there is no standard method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 J. A. Montanez-Barrera , Kristel Michielsen , David E. Bernal Neira

As quantum devices make steady progress towards intermediate scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is essential to develop rigorous and efficient measurement protocols that account for known sources of noise. Most existing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 M. J. Gullans , M. Caranti , A. R. Mills , J. R. Petta

Qubits encoded in a decoherence-free subsystem and realized in exchange-coupled silicon quantum dots are promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Benefits of this approach include excellent coherence, low control…

In the model of gate-based quantum computation, the qubits are controlled by a sequence of quantum gates. In superconducting qubit systems, these gates can be implemented by voltage pulses. The success of implementing a particular gate can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-04 D. Willsch , M. Nocon , F. Jin , H. De Raedt , K. Michielsen

A major challenge in operating multi-qubit quantum processors is to mitigate multi-qubit coherent errors. For superconducting circuits, besides crosstalk originating from imperfect isolation of control lines, dispersive coupling between…