Related papers: Network bypasses sustain complexity
The irreducible complexity of natural phenomena has led Graph Neural Networks to be employed as a standard model to perform representation learning tasks on graph-structured data. While their capacity to capture local and global patterns is…
We investigate small-world networks from the point of view of their origin. While the characteristics of small-world networks are now fairly well understood, there is as yet no work on what drives the emergence of such a network…
The stable functionality of networked systems is a hallmark of their natural ability to coordinate between their multiple interacting components. Yet, strikingly, real-world networks seem random and highly irregular, apparently lacking any…
Networks in nature do not act in isolation but instead exchange information, and depend on each other to function properly. An incipient theory of Networks of Networks have shown that connected random networks may very easily result in…
This paper mainly investigates why small-world networks are navigable and how to navigate small-world networks. We find that the navigability can naturally emerge from self-organization in the absence of prior knowledge about underlying…
Modular structure is ubiquitous among complex networks. We note that most such systems are subject to multiple structural and functional constraints, e.g., minimizing the average path length and the total number of links, while maximizing…
A complexity-theoretic approach to studying biological networks is proposed. A simple graph representation is used where molecules (DNA, RNA, proteins and chemicals) are vertices and relations between them are directed and signed…
Well known in the theory of network flows, Braess paradox states that in a congested network, it may happen that adding a new path between destinations can increase the level of congestion. In transportation networks the phenomenon results…
Most complex networks are not static, but evolve along time. Given a specific configuration of one such changing network, it becomes a particularly interesting issue to quantify the diversity of possible unfoldings of its topology. In this…
Navigability, an ability to find a logarithmically short path between elements using only local information, is one of the most fascinating properties of real-life networks. However, the exact mechanism responsible for the formation of…
Degree heterogeneity and latent geometry, also referred to as popularity and similarity, are key explanatory components underlying the structure of real-world networks. The relationship between these components and the statistical…
Although most networks in nature exhibit complex topology the origins of such complexity remains unclear. We introduce a model of a growing network of interacting agents in which each new agent's membership to the network is determined by…
Networked structures arise in a wide array of different contexts such as technological and transportation infrastructures, social phenomena, and biological systems. These highly interconnected systems have recently been the focus of a great…
Most agent-based models include a social network that describes the structure of interactions within the artificial population. Because of the dramatic impact of this structure on the simulated dynamics, modelers create this network for it…
The complexity of navigation in cities has increased with the expansion of urban areas, creating challenging transportation problems that drive many studies on the navigability of networks. However, due to the lack of individual mobility…
Many complex systems can be described in terms of networks of interacting units. Recent studies have shown that a wide class of both natural and artificial nets display a surprisingly widespread feature: the presence of highly heterogeneous…
Complex evolving systems such as the biosphere, ecosystems and societies exhibit sudden collapses, for reasons that are only partially understood. Here we study this phenomenon using a mathematical model of a system that evolves under…
Systems as diverse as genetic networks or the world wide web are best described as networks with complex topology. A common property of many large networks is that the vertex connectivities follow a scale-free power-law distribution. This…
Modern computer networks support interesting new routing models in which traffic flows from a source s to a destination t can be flexibly steered through a sequence of waypoints, such as (hardware) middleboxes or (virtualized) network…
Real networks often form interacting parts of larger and more complex systems. Examples can be found in different domains, ranging from the Internet to structural and functional brain networks. Here, we show that these multiplex systems are…