Related papers: Filters for X-ray detectors on Space missions
Cadmium Zinc Telluride and Cadmium Telluride are the detector materials of choice for the detection of X-rays in the X-ray energy band E >= 5keV with excellent spatial and spectral resolution and without cryogenic cooling. Owing to recent…
We model the absorption of X-rays by gas obscuring the source and photoionized by it. We consider a broad range of column densities, including both Thomson-thin and Thomson-thick media. For the Thomson thin regime, we derive a simple…
Freestanding silicon nitride membranes with thicknesses down to a few tens of nanometers find use as TEM windows or soft X-ray spectral purity filters. As the thickness of a membrane decreases, emissivity vanishes, which limits radiative…
The purpose of this project is to investigate the use of charge couple devices (CCDs) to detect electrons directly. This can be done in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for electrons over 100 KeV, but for space plasma instruments,…
In order to take full advantage of the U.S. Department of Energy's billion-dollar investments into the next-generation research infrastructure (e.g., exascale, light sources, colliders), advances are required not only in detector technology…
X-ray mirror fabrication for astronomy is challenging; this is due to the Wolter I optical geometry and the tight tolerances on roughness and form error to enable accurate and efficient X-ray reflection. The performance of an X-ray mirror,…
Nonlinear processes lie at the heart of many technologies such as frequency converters and entangled photon sources. Historically, observation and manipulation of these processes, for instance through nanostructures, has been limited to…
Cosmic-ray muons which impinge upon the Earth's surface can be used to image the density of geological and man-made materials located above a muon detector. The detectors used for these measurements must be capable of determining the muon…
Progress in particle physics depends on a multitude of unique facilities and capabilities that enable to advance detector technologies. Among others, key facilities involve test beams and irradiation facilities, which allow users to test…
Developed right at the beginning of the space age in the 1940s, the proportional counter was the first detector used in X-ray astronomy and stayed its workhorse for almost four decades. Although the principle of such a detector seems to be…
Compact laboratory-scale X-ray sources still rely on the same fundamental principles as in the first X-ray tubes developed more than a century ago. In recent years, significant research and development have focused on large-scale X-ray…
This paper investigates the performance of the micro-electro-mechanical systems resonant sensor used for particle detection and concentration measurement. These fine and ultra-fine particles such as particulate matter (PM), ferrous…
Cosmic ray astronomy attempts to identify and study the sources of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. It is unique in its reliance on charged particles as the information carriers. While no discrete source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays has…
Over the last two decades, the discovery of exoplanets has fundamentally changed our perception of the universe and humanity's place within it. Recent work indicates that a solar system's X-ray and high energy particle environment is of…
The presence of soft x-rays is very important for the chemical evolution of interstellar medium and other astrophysical environments close to young and bright stars. Soft X-rays can penetrate deep in molecular clouds and protostellar disks…
Indirect searches for dark matter are based on detecting an anomalous flux of photons, neutrinos or cosmic-rays produced in annihilations or decays of dark matter candidates gravitationally accumulated in heavy cosmological objects, like…
Gravitational lensing observations of galaxy clusters have identified dark matter ``blobs'' with remarkably low baryonic content. We use such a system to probe the particle nature of dark matter with X-ray observations. We also study high…
The techniques of laser cooling combined with atom interferometry make possible the realization of very sensitive and accurate inertial sensors like gyroscopes or accelerometers. Besides earth-based developments, the use of these techniques…
Material screening for identifying low-energy electron emitters and alpha-decaying isotopes is now a prerequisite for rare-event searches (e.g., dark-matter direct detection and neutrinoless double-beta decay) for which surface…
X-ray transition radiation can be used to measure the Lorentz factor of relativistic particles. Standard transition radiation detectors (TRDs) typically incorporate thin plastic foil radiators and gas-filled x-ray detectors, and are…