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We imagine an experiment on an unknown quantum mechanical system in which the system is prepared in various ways and a range of measurements are performed. For each measurement M and preparation rho the experimenter can determine, given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-20 Stephanie Wehner , Matthias Christandl , Andrew C. Doherty

Binary segmentation is the classic greedy algorithm which recursively splits a sequential data set by optimizing some loss or likelihood function. Binary segmentation is widely used for changepoint detection in data sets measured over space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Toby Dylan Hocking

The field of property testing of probability distributions, or distribution testing, aims to provide fast and (most likely) correct answers to questions pertaining to specific aspects of very large datasets. In this work, we consider a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-27 Clément L. Canonne

A conditional sampling oracle for a probability distribution D returns samples from the conditional distribution of D restricted to a specified subset of the domain. A recent line of work (Chakraborty et al. 2013 and Cannone et al. 2014)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-18 Themistoklis Gouleakis , Christos Tzamos , Manolis Zampetakis

We consider the problem of testing graph cluster structure: given access to a graph $G=(V, E)$, can we quickly determine whether the graph can be partitioned into a few clusters with good inner conductance, or is far from any such graph?…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Ashish Chiplunkar , Michael Kapralov , Sanjeev Khanna , Aida Mousavifar , Yuval Peres

We present an adaptive algorithm with one-sided error for the problem of junta testing for Boolean function under the challenging distribution-free setting, the query complexity of which is $\widetilde O(k)/\epsilon$. This improves the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Xiaojin Zhang

In this work we consider the problem of fitting Random Utility Models (RUMs) to user choices. Given the winner distributions of the subsets of size $k$ of a universe, we obtain a polynomial-time algorithm that finds the RUM that best…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Flavio Chierichetti , Mirko Giacchini , Ravi Kumar , Alessandro Panconesi , Andrew Tomkins

Rank histograms are popular tools for assessing the reliability of meteorological ensemble forecast systems. A reliable forecast system leads to a uniform rank histogram, and deviations from uniformity can indicate miscalibrations. However,…

Applications · Statistics 2022-09-30 Claudio Heinrich

We study the problem of probability distribution matching and sampling on near-term quantum computers, aiming to construct parameterized circuits that generate samples from a target distribution while minimizing resource overhead. This task…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Nicholas S. DiBrita , Jason Han , Krishna Bhatia , Younghyun Cho , Hengrui Luo , Tirthak Patel

Multi-distribution learning extends agnostic Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning to the setting in which a family of $k$ distributions, $\{D_i\}_{i\in[k]}$, is considered and a classifier's performance is measured by its error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Chicheng Zhang , Yihan Zhou

We provide improved differentially private algorithms for identity testing of high-dimensional distributions. Specifically, for $d$-dimensional Gaussian distributions with known covariance $\Sigma$, we can test whether the distribution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Shyam Narayanan

We present new algorithms for estimating and testing \emph{collision probability}, a fundamental measure of the spread of a discrete distribution that is widely used in many scientific fields. We describe an algorithm that satisfies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Robert Busa-Fekete , Umar Syed

We conduct a KL-divergence based procedure for testing elliptical distributions. The procedure simultaneously takes into account the two defining properties of an elliptically distributed random vector: independence between length and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-04 Yin Tang , Yanyuan Ma , Bing Li

Finding the k-medianin a network involves identifying a subset of k vertices that minimize the total distance to all other vertices in a graph. This problem has been extensively studied in computer science, graph theory, operations…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Roldan Pozo

Determining if two histograms are consistent, whether they have been drawn from the same underlying distribution or not, is a common problem in physics. Existing approaches are not only limited in power but also inapplicable to histograms…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2010-09-29 M. J. Betancourt

Uniformity testing and the more general identity testing are well studied problems in distributional property testing. Most previous work focuses on testing under $L_1$-distance. However, when the support is very large or even continuous,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Shichuan Deng , Wenzheng Li , Xuan Wu

The fundamental problem of similarity studies, in the frame of data-mining, is to examine and detect similar items in articles, papers, books, with huge sizes. In this paper, we are interested in the probabilistic, and the statistical and…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-18 Gane Samb Lo , Soumaila Dembele

We introduce the problem of determining if the mode of the output distribution of a quantum circuit (given as a black-box) is larger than a given threshold, named HighDist, and a similar problem based on the absolute values of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-23 Debajyoti Bera , Tharrmashastha Sapv

We introduce and study the computational problem of determining statistical similarity between probability distributions. For distributions $P$ and $Q$ over a finite sample space, their statistical similarity is defined as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Arnab Bhattacharyya , Sutanu Gayen , Kuldeep S. Meel , Dimitrios Myrisiotis , A. Pavan , N. V. Vinodchandran

Given a discrete distribution, an interesting problem is to determine the minimum size of a random sample drawn from this distribution, in order to observe a given number of different records. This problem is related with many applied…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-09-21 Marco Ferrante , Nadia Frigo