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Randomly pivoted Cholesky (RPCholesky) is an algorithm for constructing a low-rank approximation of a positive-semidefinite matrix using a small number of columns. This paper develops an accelerated version of RPCholesky that employs block…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Ethan N. Epperly , Joel A. Tropp , Robert J. Webber

Low-rank approximations of large kernel matrices are ubiquitous in machine learning, particularly for scaling Gaussian Processes to massive datasets. The Pivoted Cholesky decomposition is a standard tool for this task, offering a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Gil Shabat

Kernel methods represent some of the most popular machine learning tools for data analysis. Since exact kernel methods can be prohibitively expensive for large problems, reliable low-rank matrix approximations and high-performance…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-17 Jianwei Xiao , Ming Gu

This paper presents new quadrature rules for functions in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space using nodes drawn by a sampling algorithm known as randomly pivoted Cholesky. The resulting computational procedure compares favorably to previous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-08 Ethan N. Epperly , Elvira Moreno

In recent years, there has been widespread adoption of machine learning-based approaches to automate the solving of partial differential equations (PDEs). Among these approaches, Gaussian processes (GPs) and kernel methods have garnered…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Yifan Chen , Houman Owhadi , Florian Schäfer

In recent years, randomized algorithms have established themselves as fundamental tools in computational linear algebra, with applications in scientific computing, machine learning, and quantum information science. Many randomized matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Ethan N. Epperly

We develop an accelerated algorithm for computing an approximate eigenvalue decomposition of bistochastic normalized kernel matrices. Our approach constructs a low rank approximation of the original kernel matrix by the pivoted partial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Chris Vales , Dimitrios Giannakis

We investigate the continuous analogue of the Cholesky factorization, namely the pivoted Cholesky algorithm. Our analysis establishes quantitative convergence guarantees for kernels of minimal smoothness. We prove that for a symmetric…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Sungwoo Jeong , Alex Townsend

Large kernel systems are prone to be ill-conditioned. Pivoted Cholesky decomposition (PCD) render a stable and efficient solution to the systems without a perturbation of regularization. This paper proposes a new PCD algorithm by tuning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-29 Dishi Liu , Hermann G. Matthies

This article proposes and analyzes several variants of the randomized Cholesky QR factorization of a matrix $X$. Instead of computing the R factor from $X^T X$, as is done by standard methods, we obtain it from a small, efficiently…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Oleg Balabanov

A new algorithm to approximate Hermitian matrices by positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices based on modified Cholesky decompositions is presented. In contrast to existing algorithms, this algorithm allows to specify bounds on the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Joscha Reimer

Efficient and accurate low-rank approximations of multiple data sources are essential in the era of big data. The scaling of kernel-based learning algorithms to large datasets is limited by the O(n^2) computation and storage complexity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Martin Stražar , Tomaž Curk

Dense kernel matrices resulting from pairwise evaluations of a kernel function arise naturally in machine learning and statistics. Previous work in constructing sparse approximate inverse Cholesky factors of such matrices by minimizing…

Computation · Statistics 2025-05-12 Stephen Huan , Joseph Guinness , Matthias Katzfuss , Houman Owhadi , Florian Schäfer

Kernel-based clustering algorithm can identify and capture the non-linear structure in datasets, and thereby it can achieve better performance than linear clustering. However, computing and storing the entire kernel matrix occupy so large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Li Chen , Shuisheng Zhou , Jiajun Ma

This paper develops and analyzes a new algorithm for QR decomposition with column pivoting (QRCP) of rectangular matrices with many more rows than columns. The algorithm carefully combines methods from randomized numerical linear algebra to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Maksim Melnichenko , Oleg Balabanov , Riley Murray , James Demmel , Michael W. Mahoney , Piotr Luszczek

We a present and analyze rpCholesky-QR, a randomized preconditioned Cholesky-QR algorithm for computing the thin QR factorization of real mxn matrices with rank n. rpCholesky-QR has a low orthogonalization error, a residual on the order of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-08 James E. Garrison , Ilse C. F. Ipsen

Matrices with low numerical rank are omnipresent in many signal processing and data analysis applications. The pivoted QLP (p-QLP) algorithm constructs a highly accurate approximation to an input low-rank matrix. However, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Maboud F. Kaloorazi , Jie Chen

This survey explores modern approaches for computing low-rank approximations of high-dimensional matrices by means of the randomized SVD, randomized subspace iteration, and randomized block Krylov iteration. The paper compares the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-25 Joel A. Tropp , Robert J. Webber

The partial pivoted Cholesky approximation accurately represents matrices that are close to being low-rank. Meanwhile, the Vecchia approximation accurately represents matrices with inverse Cholesky factors that are close to being sparse.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Eagan Kaminetz , Robert J. Webber

The Cholesky decomposition plays an important role in finding the inverse of the correlation matrices. As it is a fast and numerically stable for linear system solving, inversion, and factorization compared to singular valued decomposition…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-03-20 Vanita Pawar , Krishna Naik Karamtot
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