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By virtue of the Noether theorems, the vast gauge redundancy of general relativity provides us with a rich algebra of boundary charges that generate physical symmetries. These charges are located at codimension-2 entangling surfaces called…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-26 Laurent Freidel , Marc Geiller , Wolfgang Wieland

Conserved charges in theories with gauge symmetries are supported on codimension-2 surfaces in the bulk spacetime. It has recently been suggested that various classical formulations of gravity dynamics display different symmetries, and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-17 Luca Ciambelli , Robert G. Leigh

In the presence of spacetime boundaries, diffeomorphisms in gravitational theories can become physical and acquire non-vanishing Noether charges. These charges obey an algebra which, within the extended phase-space formalism, faithfully…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-24 Ludovic Varrin

These notes are a transcript of lectures given by the author in the XVIII Modave summer school in mathematical physics. The introduction is devoted to a detailed review of the literature on asymptotic symmetries, flat holography, and the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-07-13 Luca Ciambelli

The classification of the unitary irreducible representations of symmetry groups is a cornerstone of modern quantum physics, as it provides the fundamental building blocks for constructing the Hilbert spaces of theories admitting these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-16 Giulio Neri , Ludovic Varrin

The corner symmetry algebra organises the physical charges induced by gravity on codimension-$2$ corners of a manifold. In this letter, we initiate a study of the quantum properties of this group using as a toy model the corner symmetry…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-17 Luca Ciambelli , Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman , Ludovic Varrin

Quadratic algebras are generalizations of Lie algebras; they include the symmetry algebras of 2nd order superintegrable systems in 2 dimensions as special cases. The superintegrable systems are exactly solvable physical systems in classical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-07 Ernest G. Kalnins , Willard Miller

Orbits of coadjoint representations of classical compact Lie groups have a lot of applications. They appear in representation theory, geometrical quantization, theory of magnetism, quantum optics etc. As geometric objects the orbits were…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Julia Bernatska , Petro Holod

This is the first paper in a series devoted to understanding the classical and quantum nature of edge modes and symmetries in gravitational systems. The goal of this analysis is to: i) achieve a clear understanding of how different…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-02 Laurent Freidel , Marc Geiller , Daniele Pranzetti

Gravitational subsystems with boundaries carry the action of an infinite-dimensional symmetry algebra, with potentially profound implications for the quantum theory of gravity. We initiate an investigation into the quantization of this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-21 William Donnelly , Laurent Freidel , Seyed Faroogh Moosavian , Antony J. Speranza

The phase space of general relativity in a finite subregion is characterized by edge modes localized at the codimension-2 boundary, transforming under an infinite-dimensional group of symmetries. The quantization of this symmetry algebra is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-02-22 William Donnelly , Laurent Freidel , Seyed Faroogh Moosavian , Antony J. Speranza

We introduce a theory of geometry for nonnoetherian commutative algebras with finite Krull dimension. In particular, we establish new notions of normalization and height: depiction (a special noetherian overring) and geometric codimension.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-12-24 Charlie Beil

We investigate Atiyah algebroids, i.e. the infinitesimal objects of principal bundles, from the viewpoint of Lie algebraic approach to space. First we show that if the Lie algebras of smooth sections of two Atiyah algebroids are isomorphic,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-05-11 Janusz Grabowski , Alexei Kotov , Norbert Poncin

Diffeomorphisms and an internal symmetry (e.g., local Lorentz invariance) are typically regarded as the symmetries of any geometrical gravity theory, including general relativity. In the first-order formalism, diffeomorphisms can be thought…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-29 Cristóbal Corral , Yuri Bonder

To understand the underlying degrees of freedom, near horizon symmetry analysis of a black has gain significant interest in the recent past. In this paper we generalized those analysis first by taking into account a generic null surface…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-03 Mousumi Maitra , Debaprasad Maity , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

The fundamental symmetries in gravity and gauge theories, formulated using differential forms, are gauge transformations and diffeomorphisms. These symmetries act in distinct ways on different dynamical fields. Yet, the commutator of these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 O. Ramírez , Y. Bonder

Universal algebraic geometry is generalised from solutions of equations in a single algebra to the study of $\varphi$- or $K$-spectra, akin to the prime spectrum of a ring. We explore their basic properties and constructions, give a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-10-29 K. R. van Nispen

In this paper, we study gravitational symmetry algebras that live on 2-dimensional cuts $S$ of asymptotic infinity. We define a notion of wedge algebra $\mathcal{W}(S)$ which depends on the topology of $S$. For the cylinder $S=\mathbb{C}^*$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-29 Nicolas Cresto , Laurent Freidel

Embedding diagrams prove to be quite useful when learning general relativity as they offer a way of visualizing spacetime curvature through warped two dimensional (2D) surfaces. In this manuscript we present a different 2D construct that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Chad A. Middleton

When joined the unified gauge picture of fundamental interactions, the gravitation theory leads to geometry of a space-time which is far from simplicity of pseudo-Riemannian geometry of Einstein's General Relativity. This is geometry of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Sardanashvily
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