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Non-asymptotic theory of random matrices strives to investigate the spectral properties of random matrices, which are valid with high probability for matrices of a large fixed size. Results obtained in this framework find their applications…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-08-02 Mark Rudelson

Matrices are said to behave as free non-commuting random variables if the action which governs their dynamics constrains only their eigenvalues, i.e. depends on traces of powers of individual matrices. The authors use recently developed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 Michael Engelhardt , Shimon Levit

We show that finite rank perturbations of certain random matrices fit in the framework of infinitesimal (type B) asymptotic freeness. This can be used to explain the appearance of free harmonic analysis (such as subordination functions…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-30 D. Shlyakhtenko

We prove a number of results concerning the large $N$ asymptotics of the free energy of a random matrix model with a polynomial potential $V(z)$. Our approach is based on a deformation $\tau_tV(z)$ of $V(z)$ to $z^2$, $0\le t<\infty$ and on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pavel Bleher , Alexander Its

Unitary randomness underpins both fundamental tasks in quantum information and the modern theory of quantum chaos. On one side, a central concept is that of approximate unitary designs: circuits that look random according to small moments…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Neil Dowling , Jacopo De Nardis , Markus Heinrich , Xhek Turkeshi , Silvia Pappalardi

We characterize asymptotic collective behaviour of rectangular random matrices, the sizes of which tend to infinity at different rates: when embedded in a space of larger square matrices, independent rectangular random matrices are…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2008-03-04 Florent Benaych-Georges

We present an alternative proof of asymptotic freeness of independent sample covariance matrices, when the dimension and the sample size grow at the same rate, by embedding these matrices into Wigner matrices of a larger order and using…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Monika Bhattacharjee , Arup Bose

We extend the relation between random matrices and free probability theory from the level of expectations to the level of all correlation functions (which are classical cumulants of traces of products of the matrices). We introduce the…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Benoit Collins , James A. Mingo , Piotr Sniady , Roland Speicher

We introduce a new kind of free independence, called real infinitesimal freeness. We show that independent orthogonally invariant with infinitesimal laws are asymptotically real infinitesimally free. We introduce new cumulants, called real…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-18 Guillaume Cébron , James A Mingo

Random matrix theory has played a major role in several areas of pure and applied mathematics, as well as statistics, physics, and computer science. This lecture aims to describe the intrinsic freeness phenomenon and how it provides new…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Afonso S. Bandeira

We establish a large deviation principle for the empirical spectral measure of a sample covariance matrix with sub-Gaussian entries, which extends Bordenave and Caputo's result for Wigner matrices having the same type of entries [7]. To…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-22 Benjamin Groux

Let A_1,A_2,...,A_s be a finite sequence of (not necessarily disjoint, or even distinct) non-empty sets of positive integers satisfying a certain condition. It is shown that an independent family U_1,U_2,...,U_s of random NxN permutation…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-06-26 Mihail G. Neagu

We study the asymptotic behavior of the free cumulants (in the sense of free probability theory of Voiculescu) of Jucys--Murphy elements--or equivalently--of the transition measure associated with a Young diagram. We express these cumulants…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Piotr Sniady

A central tool in the study of nonhomogeneous random matrices, the noncommutative Khintchine inequality, yields a nonasymptotic bound on the spectral norm of general Gaussian random matrices $X=\sum_i g_i A_i$ where $g_i$ are independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Afonso S. Bandeira , March T. Boedihardjo , Ramon van Handel

We consider the algebra of square matrices of bounded non-commutative (NC) functions over NC operator unit balls (unit balls corresponding to finite-dimensional operator spaces) and characterize cyclic matrix free polynomials with respect…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Jeet Sampat , Maximilian Tornes

We derive a multiplication law for free non-hermitian random matrices allowing for an easy reconstruction of the two-dimensional eigenvalue distribution of the product ensemble from the characteristics of the individual ensembles. We define…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Z. Burda , R. A. Janik , M. A. Nowak

Let $\Sigma_{g}$ be a closed surface of genus $g\geq 2$ and $\Gamma_{g}$ denote the fundamental group of $\Sigma_{g}$. We establish a generalization of Voiculescu's theorem on the asymptotic $*$-freeness of Haar unitary matrices from free…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Michael Magee

Using the standard concepts of free random variables, we show that for a large class of nonhermitean random matrix models, the support of the eigenvalue distribution follows from their hermitean analogs using a conformal transformation. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Romuald A. Janik , Maciej A. Nowak , Gabor Papp , Jochen Wambach , Ismail Zahed

Recent work of Belinschi, Mai and Speicher resulted in a general algorithm to calculate the distribution of any selfadjoint polynomial in free variables. Since many classes of independent random matrices become asymptotically free if the…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2015-10-28 Roland Speicher

Asymptotic freedom is a feature of quantum chromodynamics that guarantees its well-posedeness. We derive an analog of asymptotic freedom enabling unconditional stability of lattice Boltzmann simulation of hydrodynamics. For the lattice…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Seyed Ali Hosseini , Ilya Karlin