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This tutorial focuses on the fundamental architectures of Variational Autoencoders (VAE) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), disregarding their numerous variations, to highlight their core principles. Both VAE and GAN utilize simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yuan-Hao Wei

Gaussian processes allow for flexible specification of prior assumptions of unknown dynamics in state space models. We present a procedure for efficient Bayesian learning in Gaussian process state space models, where the representation is…

Computation · Statistics 2016-04-18 Andreas Svensson , Arno Solin , Simo Särkkä , Thomas B. Schön

We introduce the variational graph auto-encoder (VGAE), a framework for unsupervised learning on graph-structured data based on the variational auto-encoder (VAE). This model makes use of latent variables and is capable of learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-23 Thomas N. Kipf , Max Welling

Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) are an influential and generally-used class of likelihood-based generative models in unsupervised learning. The likelihood-based generative models have been reported to be highly robust to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuming Ran , Mingkun Xu , Qi Xu , Huihui Zhou , Quanying Liu

Variational autoencoder (VAE) is a very successful generative model whose key element is the so called amortized inference network, which can perform test time inference using a single feed forward pass. Unfortunately, this comes at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Minyoung Kim , Vladimir Pavlovic

Modern machine learning systems achieve great success when trained on large datasets. However, these datasets usually contain sensitive information (e.g. medical records, face images), leading to serious privacy concerns. Differentially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Dihong Jiang , Guojun Zhang , Mahdi Karami , Xi Chen , Yunfeng Shao , Yaoliang Yu

Continuous-time state estimation has been shown to be an effective means of (i) handling asynchronous and high-rate measurements, (ii) introducing smoothness to the estimate, (iii) post hoc querying the estimate at times other than those of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Timothy Barfoot , Cedric Le Gentil , Sven Lilge

In this work we study the non-parametric reconstruction of spatio-temporal dynamical Gaussian processes (GPs) via GP regression from sparse and noisy data. GPs have been mainly applied to spatial regression where they represent one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Marco Todescato , Andrea Carron , Ruggero Carli , Gianluigi Pillonetto , Luca Schenato

Bayesian inverse problems are often computationally challenging when the forward model is governed by complex partial differential equations (PDEs). This is typically caused by expensive forward model evaluations and high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-08 Zhihang Xu , Yingzhi Xia , Qifeng Liao

Density estimation, compression and data generation are crucial tasks in artificial intelligence. Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) constitute a single framework to achieve these goals. Here, we present a novel class of generative models,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-07 Ioannis Gatopoulos , Jakub M. Tomczak

Recent studies have shown that autoencoder-based models can achieve superior performance on anomaly detection tasks due to their excellent ability to fit complex data in an unsupervised manner. In this work, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Wenkai Li , Wenbo Hu , Ting Chen , Ning Chen , Cheng Feng

In this article, we present a data-driven method for parametric models with noisy observation data. Gaussian process regression based reduced order modeling (GPR-based ROM) can realize fast online predictions without using equations in the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Xuehan Zhang , Lijian Jiang

Variational autoencoders employ an amortized inference model to approximate the posterior of latent variables. However, such amortized variational inference faces two challenges: (1) the limited posterior expressiveness of fully-factorized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Yookoon Park , Chris Dongjoo Kim , Gunhee Kim

We develop data-driven methods incorporating geometric and topological information to learn parsimonious representations of nonlinear dynamics from observations. The approaches learn nonlinear state-space models of the dynamics for general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Ryan Lopez , Paul J. Atzberger

Structured variational autoencoders (SVAEs) combine probabilistic graphical model priors on latent variables, deep neural networks to link latent variables to observed data, and structure-exploiting algorithms for approximate posterior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-29 Yixiu Zhao , Scott W. Linderman

Extracting compact, physically interpretable representations from high-dimensional scientific data is a persistent challenge due to the complex, nonlinear structures inherent in physical systems. We propose a Gaussian Mixture Variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Tiffany Fan , Murray Cutforth , Marta D'Elia , Alexandre Cortiella , Alireza Doostan , Eric Darve

Variational autoencoders (VAE) often use Gaussian or category distribution to model the inference process. This puts a limit on variational learning because this simplified assumption does not match the true posterior distribution, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Ke Sun , Xiangliang Zhang

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julia Huiming Wang , Dexter Tsin , Tatiana Engel

The modeling and simulation of dynamical systems is a necessary step for many control approaches. Using classical, parameter-based techniques for modeling of modern systems, e.g., soft robotics or human-robot interaction, is often…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-01 Thomas Beckers , Sandra Hirche

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and its variations are classic generative models by learning a low-dimensional latent representation to satisfy some prior distribution (e.g., Gaussian distribution). Their advantages over GAN are that they can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Cong Geng , Jia Wang , Li Chen , Zhiyong Gao