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Markov decision processes (MDPs) are widely used for modeling decision-making problems in robotics, automated control, and economics. Traditional MDPs assume that the decision maker (DM) knows all states and actions. However, this may not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-06-14 Joseph Y. Halpern , Nan Rong , Ashutosh Saxena

We propose a new simple and natural algorithm for learning the optimal Q-value function of a discounted-cost Markov Decision Process (MDP) when the transition kernels are unknown. Unlike the classical learning algorithms for MDPs, such as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-31 Dileep Kalathil , Vivek S. Borkar , Rahul Jain

The evolution of mobile malware poses a serious threat to smartphone security. Today, sophisticated attackers can adapt by maximally sabotaging machine-learning classifiers via polluting training data, rendering most recent machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Sen Chen , Minhui Xue , Lingling Fan , Shuang Hao , Lihua Xu , Haojin Zhu , Bo Li

The need for autonomous and adaptive defense mechanisms has become paramount in the rapidly evolving landscape of cyber threats. Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) presents a promising approach to enhancing the efficacy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mingjun Wang , Remington Dechene

Building on previous work using reinforcement learning (RL) focused on identification of exfiltration paths, this work expands the methodology to include protocol and payload considerations. The former approach to exfiltration path…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Riddam Rishu , Akshay Kakkar , Cheng Wang , Abdul Rahman , Christopher Redino , Dhruv Nandakumar , Tyler Cody , Ryan Clark , Daniel Radke , Edward Bowen

We study infinite horizon Markov decision processes (MDPs) with "fast-slow" structure, where some state variables evolve rapidly ("fast states") while others change more gradually ("slow states"). This structure commonly arises in practice…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yijia Wang , Daniel R. Jiang

Measuring states in reinforcement learning (RL) can be costly in real-world settings and may negatively influence future outcomes. We introduce the Actively Observable Markov Decision Process (AOMDP), where an agent not only selects control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Daiqi Gao , Ziping Xu , Aseel Rawashdeh , Predrag Klasnja , Susan A. Murphy

As we deploy autonomous agents in safety-critical domains, it becomes important to develop an understanding of their internal mechanisms and representations. We outline an approach to imitation learning for reverse-engineering black box…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Tom Bewley , Jonathan Lawry , Arthur Richards

The Robust Markov Decision Process (RMDP) framework focuses on designing control policies that are robust against the parameter uncertainties due to the mismatches between the simulator model and real-world settings. An RMDP problem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Kishan Panaganti , Dileep Kalathil

This paper targets at the problem of radio resource management for expected long-term delay-power tradeoff in vehicular communications. At each decision epoch, the road side unit observes the global network state, allocates channels and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-04 Xianfu Chen , Celimuge Wu , Honggang Zhang , Yan Zhang , Mehdi Bennis , Heli Vuojala

We propose an actor-critic, model-free, and online Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework for continuous-state continuous-action Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) when the reward is highly sparse but encompasses a high-level temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Lim Zun Yuan , Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Alessandro Abate , Daniel Kroening

For marketing, we sometimes need to recommend content for multiple pages in sequence. Different from general sequential decision making process, the use cases have a simpler flow where customers per seeing recommended content on each page…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Wenjun Zeng , Yi Liu

In many real-world applications (e.g., planetary exploration, robot navigation), an autonomous agent must be able to explore a space with guaranteed safety. Most safe exploration algorithms in the field of reinforcement learning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Akifumi Wachi , Hiroshi Kajino , Asim Munawar

In classical reinforcement learning, when exploring an environment, agents accept arbitrary short term loss for long term gain. This is infeasible for safety critical applications, such as robotics, where even a single unsafe action may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Matteo Turchetta , Felix Berkenkamp , Andreas Krause

This paper considers the permissive supervisor synthesis for probabilistic systems modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDP). Such systems are prevalent in power grids, transportation networks, communication networks and robotics. Unlike…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Bo Wu , Xiaobin Zhang , Hai Lin

In the reinforcement learning literature, there are many algorithms developed for either Contextual Bandit (CB) or Markov Decision Processes (MDP) environments. However, when deploying reinforcement learning algorithms in the real world,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Kelly W. Zhang , Omer Gottesman , Finale Doshi-Velez

The use of target networks is a common practice in deep reinforcement learning for stabilizing the training; however, theoretical understanding of this technique is still limited. In this paper, we study the so-called periodic Q-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Donghwan Lee , Niao He

The use of machine learning (ML) has become increasingly prevalent in various domains, highlighting the importance of understanding and ensuring its safety. One pressing concern is the vulnerability of ML applications to model stealing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ganghua Wang , Yuhong Yang , Jie Ding

Network Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), a popular model for multi-agent control, pose a significant challenge to efficient learning due to the exponential growth of the global state-action space with the number of agents. In this work,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zhaolin Ren , Runyu Zhang , Bo Dai , Na Li

Modern smart grid systems are heavily dependent on Information and Communication Technology, and this dependency makes them prone to cyberattacks. The occurrence of a cyberattack has increased in recent years resulting in substantial damage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Yasir Ali Farrukh , Irfan Khan , Zeeshan Ahmad , Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan
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