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The advancement of Virtual Reality (VR) technology is focused on improving its immersiveness, supporting multiuser Virtual Experiences (VEs), and enabling users to move freely within their VEs while remaining confined to specialized VR…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Filip Lemic , Jakob Struye , Thomas Van Onsem , Jeroen Famaey , Xavier Costa Perez

Many operators have been bullish on the role of millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications in fifth-generation (5G) mobile broadband because of its capability of delivering extreme data speeds and capacity. However, mmWave comes with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-18 Wan-Ting Shih , Chao-Kai Wen , Shang-Ho , Tsai , Shi Jin

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) communication systems adopt large antenna arrays to ensure adequate receive signal power. However, adjusting the narrow beams of these antenna arrays typically incurs high beam training overhead…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Shoaib Imran , Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

For high-speed train (HST) millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, the use of narrow beams with small beam coverage needs frequent beam switching, while wider beams with small beam gain leads to weaker mmWave signal strength. In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Jingjia Huang , Chenhao Qi , Octavia A. Dobre , Geoffrey Ye Li

Ultra-reliable low-latency Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications are needed to meet the extreme requirements of enhanced driving applications. Millimeter-Wave (24.25-52.6 GHz) or sub-THz (>100 GHz) V2X communications are a viable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Dario Tagliaferri , Mattia Brambilla , Monica Nicoli , Umberto Spagnolini

Millimeter-wave communication is a challenge in the highly mobile vehicular context. Traditional beam training is inadequate in satisfying low overheads and latency. In this paper, we propose to combine machine learning tools and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Yuyang Wang , Murali Narasimha , Robert W. Heath

A novel location-aware beamforming scheme for millimeter wave communication is proposed for line of sight (LOS) and low mobility scenarios, in which computer vision is introduced to derive the required position or spatial angular…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Tianqi Xiang , Yaxin Wang , Huiwen Li , Boren Guo , Xin Zhang

In the beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and upcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems, millimeter (mmWave) wave technology is a promising solution for offering additional bandwidth resources and mitigating spectrum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Jiawei Zhang , Shihan Wang , Jienan Chen , Fan Wu , Jiyun Tao , Zheqi Gu

This paper presents an inertial sensor aided technique for beam alignment and tracking in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications based on millimeter waves (mmWave). Since directional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-18 Mattia Brambilla , Monica Nicoli , Sergio Savaresi , Umberto Spagnolini

This paper proposes a vision-conditioned flow matching (FM) framework for beam prediction in millimeter-wave vehicle-to-infrastructure links. Instead of modeling discrete beam-index sequences, the proposed method learns the temporal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Chung G. Kang , Guofa Cai , Chongwen Huang , Henk Wymeersch

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) communications rely on highly directional beams to combat severe propagation loss. In this paper, an adaptive beam search algorithm based on spatial scanning, called Iterative Deactivation and Beam Shifting (IDBS),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Chunshan Liu , Min Li , Lou Zhao , Philip Whiting , Stephen V. Hanly , Iain B. Collings

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication, utilizing beamforming techniques to address the inherent path loss limitation, is considered as one of the key technologies to support ever increasing high throughput and low latency demands of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Muhammad Baqer Mollah , Honggang Wang , Mohammad Ataul Karim , Hua Fang

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems rely on narrow beams for achieving sufficient receive signal power. Adjusting these beams is typically associated with large training overhead, which becomes particularly critical for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-09 João Morais , Arash Behboodi , Hamed Pezeshki , Ahmed Alkhateeb

We investigate the problem of wireless beam tracking on mmWave bands with the assistance of camera images. In particular, based on the user's beam indices used and camera images taken in the trajectory, we predict the optimal beam indices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Yu Tian , Chenwei Wang

Multiview camera setups have proven useful in many computer vision applications for reducing ambiguities, mitigating occlusions, and increasing field-of-view coverage. However, the high computational cost associated with multiple views…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Yunzhong Hou , Stephen Gould , Liang Zheng

Beam management is a challenging task for millimeter wave (mmWave) and sub-terahertz communication systems, especially in scenarios with highly-mobile users. Leveraging external sensing modalities such as vision, LiDAR, radar, position, or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Gouranga Charan , Umut Demirhan , João Morais , Arash Behboodi , Hamed Pezeshki , Ahmed Alkhateeb

In this paper, we propose BeamLLM, a vision-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam prediction framework leveraging large language models (LLMs) to address the challenges of high training overhead and latency in mmWave communication systems. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Chung G. Kang

Since the spectrum below 6 GHz bands is insufficient to meet the high bandwidth requirements of 5G use cases, 5G networks expand their operation to mmWave bands. However, operation at these bands has to cope with a high penetration loss and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Lotte Weedage , Clara Stegehuis , Suzan Bayhan

5G millimeter wave (mmWave) technology is envisioned to be an integral part of next-generation vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks and autonomous vehicles due to its broad bandwidth, wide field of view sensing, and precise localization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-06 Chethan Kumar Anjinappa , Ismail Guvenc

We consider a multi-user hybrid beamforming system, where the multiplexing gain is limited by the small number of RF chains employed at the base station (BS). To allow greater freedom for maximizing the multiplexing gain, it is better if…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-17 Junghoon Kim , Matthew Andrews