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With the increase in machine learning (ML) applications in different domains, incentives for deceiving these models have reached more than ever. As data is the core backbone of ML algorithms, attackers shifted their interest toward…

As Machine Learning (ML) evolves, the complexity and sophistication of security threats against this paradigm continue to grow as well, threatening data privacy and model integrity. In response, Machine Unlearning (MU) is a recent…

Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have now become commonplace in software products and services. When threat modelling a system, it is therefore important that we consider threats unique to ML and AI…

Machine Learning (ML) models, such as deep neural networks, are widely applied in autonomous systems to perform complex perception tasks. New dependability challenges arise when ML predictions are used in safety-critical applications, like…

Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been rapidly adopted by smart Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) due to their powerful decision-making capabilities. However, they are vulnerable to various security and…

As one kind of distributed machine learning technique, federated learning enables multiple clients to build a model across decentralized data collaboratively without explicitly aggregating the data. Due to its ability to break data silos,…

The cybersecurity threat landscape has lately become overly complex. Threat actors leverage weaknesses in the network and endpoint security in a very coordinated manner to perpetuate sophisticated attacks that could bring down the entire…

A distribution inference attack aims to infer statistical properties of data used to train machine learning models. These attacks are sometimes surprisingly potent, but the factors that impact distribution inference risk are not well…

This work examines an imbalance in artificial intelligence (AI) security research: the field tends to produce more work on attacking AI systems than on defending them. Drawing on related academic papers, we find biased attack-to-defense…

Reinforcement learning (RL) enables agents to learn optimal behaviors through interaction with their environment and has been increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, including autonomous driving. Despite its promise, RL is…

Purpose To conduct a systematic review of machine learning models for predicting violent behaviour by synthesising and appraising their validity, usefulness, and performance. Methods We systematically searched nine bibliographic databases…

The importance of security metrics can hardly be overstated. Despite the attention that has been paid by the academia, government and industry in the past decades, this important problem stubbornly remains open. In this survey, we present a…

As machine learning (ML) becomes more and more powerful and easily accessible, attackers increasingly leverage ML to perform automated large-scale inference attacks in various domains. In such an ML-equipped inference attack, an attacker…

We investigate an attack on a machine learning model that predicts whether a person or household will relocate in the next two years, i.e., a propensity-to-move classifier. The attack assumes that the attacker can query the model to obtain…

Deep learning has become a cornerstone of modern artificial intelligence, enabling transformative applications across a wide range of domains. As the core element of deep learning, the quality and security of training data critically…

Artificial intelligence systems are prevalent in everyday life, with use cases in retail, manufacturing, health, and many other fields. With the rise in AI adoption, associated risks have been identified, including privacy risks to the…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown greatly enhanced performance in recent years, attributed to increased size and extensive training data. This advancement has led to widespread interest and adoption across industries and the public.…

Cybersecurity professionals need hands-on training to prepare for managing the current advanced cyber threats. To practice cybersecurity skills, training participants use numerous software tools in computer-supported interactive learning…

Adversarial attacks have become a major threat for machine learning applications. There is a growing interest in studying these attacks in the audio domain, e.g, speech and speaker recognition; and find defenses against them. In this work,…

The open-world deployment of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in safety-critical applications such as autonomous vehicles needs to address a variety of ML vulnerabilities such as interpretability, verifiability, and performance limitations.…