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Deep learning has transformed AI applications but faces critical security challenges, including adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model theft, and privacy leakage. This survey examines these vulnerabilities, detailing their mechanisms…

Deploying machine learning models in production may allow adversaries to infer sensitive information about training data. There is a vast literature analyzing different types of inference risks, ranging from membership inference to…

Autonomous vehicles rely on machine learning to solve challenging tasks in perception and motion planning. However, automotive software safety standards have not fully evolved to address the challenges of machine learning safety such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Sina Mohseni , Mandar Pitale , Vasu Singh , Zhangyang Wang

In multiple domains such as malware detection, automated driving systems, or fraud detection, classification algorithms are susceptible to being attacked by malicious agents willing to perturb the value of instance covariates to pursue…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-10 Victor Gallego , Roi Naveiro , Alberto Redondo , David Rios Insua , Fabrizio Ruggeri

As the adoption of machine learning models increases, ensuring robust models against adversarial attacks is increasingly important. With unsupervised machine learning gaining more attention, ensuring it is robust against attacks is vital.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Mathias Lundteigen Mohus , Jinyue Li

Every year at NeurIPS, machine learning researchers gather and discuss exciting applications of machine learning in areas such as public health, disaster response, climate change, education, and more. However, many of these same researchers…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Mary Anne Smart

The arms race between attacks and defenses for machine learning models has come to a forefront in recent years, in both the security community and the privacy community. However, one big limitation of previous research is that the security…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-27 Liwei Song , Reza Shokri , Prateek Mittal

This paper surveys the landscape of security and data attacks on machine unlearning, with a focus on financial and e-commerce applications. We discuss key privacy threats such as Membership Inference Attacks and Data Reconstruction Attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Carl E. J. Brodzinski

Embedded into information systems, artificial intelligence (AI) faces security threats that exploit AI-specific vulnerabilities. This paper provides an accessible overview of adversarial attacks unique to predictive and generative AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Naoto Kiribuchi , Kengo Zenitani , Takayuki Semitsu

Over the last decade, adversarial attack algorithms have revealed instabilities in deep learning tools. These algorithms raise issues regarding safety, reliability and interpretability in artificial intelligence; especially in high risk…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-30 Desmond J. Higham

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly prevalent in security research. Their unique characteristics, however, introduce challenges that undermine established paradigms of reproducibility, rigor, and evaluation. Prior work has…

We present a framework to statistically audit the privacy guarantee conferred by a differentially private machine learner in practice. While previous works have taken steps toward evaluating privacy loss through poisoning attacks or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Fred Lu , Joseph Munoz , Maya Fuchs , Tyler LeBlond , Elliott Zaresky-Williams , Edward Raff , Francis Ferraro , Brian Testa

The growing dependence on machine learning in real-world applications emphasizes the importance of understanding and ensuring its safety. Backdoor attacks pose a significant security risk due to their stealthy nature and potentially serious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ganghua Wang , Xun Xian , Jayanth Srinivasa , Ashish Kundu , Xuan Bi , Mingyi Hong , Jie Ding

Internet of things (IoT) that integrate a variety of devices into networks to provide advanced and intelligent services have to protect user privacy and address attacks such as spoofing attacks, denial of service attacks, jamming and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Liang Xiao , Xiaoyue Wan , Xiaozhen Lu , Yanyong Zhang , Di Wu

Machine learning algorithms are effective in several applications, but they are not as much successful when applied to intrusion detection in cyber security. Due to the high sensitivity to their training data, cyber detectors based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Andreolini , Michele Colajanni , Mirco Marchetti

Machine learning models have been shown to leak information violating the privacy of their training set. We focus on membership inference attacks on machine learning models which aim to determine whether a data point was used to train the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Shadi Rahimian , Tribhuvanesh Orekondy , Mario Fritz

Secure multiparty computation (MPC) allows data owners to train machine learning models on combined data while keeping the underlying training data private. The MPC threat model either considers an adversary who passively corrupts some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Matthew Jagielski , Daniel Escudero , Rahul Rachuri , Peter Scholl

The need for secure and private Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on edge and mobile devices has increased the necessity of protecting the architecture of these systems from threats to both security and privacy. With an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zisis Tsiatsikas , Alexandros Fakis , Georgios Karopoulos , Vasileios Kouliaridis , Marios Anagnostopoulos

Machine learning (ML) models are used in many safety- and security-critical applications nowadays. It is therefore important to measure the security of a system that uses ML as a component. This paper focuses on the field of ML,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Jan Schröder , Jakub Breier

While Machine Learning (ML) technologies are widely adopted in many mission critical fields to support intelligent decision-making, concerns remain about system resilience against ML-specific security attacks and privacy breaches as well as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Pulei Xiong , Scott Buffett , Shahrear Iqbal , Philippe Lamontagne , Mohammad Mamun , Heather Molyneaux