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A first-order phase transition in the early universe can give an observable stochastic gravitational background (SGWB), which will necessarily have primordial anisotropies across the sky. In multi-field inflationary scenarios, these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-12 Arushi Bodas , Raman Sundrum

Identifying the anisotropies in a cosmologically sourced stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) would be of significance in shedding light on the nature of primordial inhomogeneities. For example, if SGWB carries isocurvature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-18 Yanou Cui , Soubhik Kumar , Raman Sundrum , Yuhsin Tsai

One of the major predictions of inflation is the existence of a stochastic background of cosmological gravitational waves (GW). These gravitational waves can induce significant temperature anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Alessandro Melchiorri , Carolina Odman

A future detection of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) with GW experiments is expected to open a new window on early universe cosmology and on the astrophysics of compact objects. In this paper we study SGWB anisotropies,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 N. Bartolo , D. Bertacca , S. Matarrese , M. Peloso , A. Ricciardone , A. Riotto , G. Tasinato

The Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is expected to be a key observable for Gravitational Wave (GW) interferometry. Its detection will open a new window on early universe cosmology and on the astrophysics of compact objects.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-11 N. Bartolo , D. Bertacca , S. Matarrese , M. Peloso , A. Ricciardone , A. Riotto , G. Tasinato

We investigate the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) produced in models of axion inflation coupled to gauge fields. Achieving a detectable signal at Pulsar Timing Array, astrometry, or interferometer frequencies requires a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-21 Matteo Barbon , Nadir Ijaz , Marco Peloso

Current bounds from the polarization of the CMB predict the scale-invariant gravitational wave (GW) background of inflation to be out of reach for upcoming GW interferometers. This prospect dramatically changes if the inflaton is a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-10 Valerie Domcke , Mauro Pieroni , Pierre Binétruy

Inflation predicts a stochastic background of gravitational waves over a broad range of frequencies, from those accessible with cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements, to those accessible directly with gravitational-wave detectors,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Tristan L. Smith , Marc Kamionkowski , Asantha Cooray

The problem of the detection and mapping of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB), either of cosmological or astrophysical origin, bears a strong semblance to the analysis of CMB anisotropy and polarization. The basic statistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 Sanjit Mitra , Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Tarun Souradeep , Albert Lazzarini , Vuk Mandic , Sukanta Bose , Stefan Ballmer

Unresolved sources of gravitational waves can create a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) which may have intrinsic or extrinsic anisotropies. The angular power spectrum is a well-suited estimator for characterizing diffuse…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-27 Deepali Agarwal , Jishnu Suresh , Sanjit Mitra , Anirban Ain

Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments have reported strong evidence of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). If interpreted as primordial gravitational waves (GWs), the signal favors a strongly blue-tilted spectrum.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-14 Mian Zhu , Gen Ye , Yong Cai

For any given network of detectors, and for any given integration time, even in the idealized limit of negligible instrumental noise, the intrinsic time variation of the isotropic component of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-20 Giorgio Mentasti , Carlo R. Contaldi , Marco Peloso

We develop a scenario of inflation with spontaneously broken time and space diffeomorphisms, with distinctive features for the primordial tensor modes. Inflationary tensor fluctuations are non adiabatic, and can acquire a mass during the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-21 Angelo Ricciardone , Gianmassimo Tasinato

Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo have recently published the upper limit measurement of persistent directional stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) based on data from their first and second observing runs (O1 and O2). In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-08 Kate Ziyan Yang , Vuk Mandic , Claudia Scarlata , Sharan Banagiri

We investigate the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from cosmic domain walls (DWs) caused by quantum fluctuations of a light scalar field $\phi$ during inflation. Perturbations of $\phi$ remain almost constant after leaving…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-14 Jing Liu , Rong-Gen Cai , Zong-Kuan Guo

The recent announcement of strong evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) by various pulsar timing array collaborations has highlighted this signal as a promising candidate for future observations. Despite its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-11 Leo Tsukada

High-precision astrometry offers a promising approach to detect low-frequency gravitational waves, complementing pulsar timing array (PTA) observations. We explore the response of astrometric measurements to a stochastic gravitational wave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-25 N. M. Jiménez Cruz , Ameek Malhotra , Gianmassimo Tasinato , Ivonne Zavala

Various pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments (NANOGrav, EPTA, PPTA, CPTA, including data from InPTA) very recently reported evidence for excess red common-spectrum signals in their latest datasets, with inter-pulsar correlations following…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-25 Sunny Vagnozzi

We discuss the sensitivity to anisotropies of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (GWBs) observed via space-based interferometer. In addition to the unresolved galactic binaries as the most promising GWB source of the planned Laser…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Hideaki Kudoh , Atsushi Taruya

The circular polarization of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is a key observable for characterising the origin of the signal detected by Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations. Both the astrophysical and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-10 N. M. Jiménez Cruz , Ameek Malhotra , Gianmassimo Tasinato , Ivonne Zavala
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