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Continual learning requires incremental compatibility with a sequence of tasks. However, the design of model architecture remains an open question: In general, learning all tasks with a shared set of parameters suffers from severe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Liyuan Wang , Xingxing Zhang , Qian Li , Jun Zhu , Yi Zhong

Conformal predictions make it possible to define reliable and robust learning algorithms. But they are essentially a method for evaluating whether an algorithm is good enough to be used in practice. To define a reliable learning framework…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-18 Alberto Carlevaro , Teodoro Alamo Cantarero , Fabrizio Dabbene , Maurizio Mongelli

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks, yet post-training is constrained by inefficient sample utilization and inflexible difficulty samples processing. To address these limitations,…

Curriculum learning (CL) is a commonly used machine learning training strategy. However, we still lack a clear theoretical understanding of CL's benefits. In this paper, we study the benefits of CL in the multitask linear regression problem…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-16 Ziping Xu , Ambuj Tewari

Deep neural networks have shown remarkable performance when trained on independent and identically distributed data from a fixed set of classes. However, in real-world scenarios, it can be desirable to train models on a continuous stream of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Nicolas Michel , Giovanni Chierchia , Romain Negrel , Jean-François Bercher , Toshihiko Yamasaki

We present consistent algorithms for multiclass learning with complex performance metrics and constraints, where the objective and constraints are defined by arbitrary functions of the confusion matrix. This setting includes many common…

Typical neural network trainings have substantial variance in test-set performance between repeated runs, impeding hyperparameter comparison and training reproducibility. In this work we present the following results towards understanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Keller Jordan

Curriculum Learning (CL) aims to improve the outcome of model training by estimating the difficulty of samples and scheduling them accordingly. In NLP, difficulty is commonly approximated using task-agnostic linguistic heuristics or human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Vanessa Toborek , Sebastian Müller , Christian Bauckhage

Understanding the effect of a feature vector $x \in \mathbb{R}^d$ on the response value (label) $y \in \mathbb{R}$ is the cornerstone of many statistical learning problems. Ideally, it is desired to understand how a set of collected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Mohammad Mehrabi , Ryan A. Rossi

Experimental results have shown that curriculum learning, i.e., presenting simpler examples before more complex ones, can improve the efficiency of learning. Some recent theoretical results also showed that changing the sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Emmanuel Abbe , Elisabetta Cornacchia , Aryo Lotfi

Curriculum learning changes the order of pretraining data, but it remains unclear how ordering changes the learning dynamics. We pretrain models from 14M to 1B parameters for 300B tokens under three linguistically motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mohamed Elgaar , Hadi Amiri

Negative sampling is a limiting factor w.r.t. the generalization of metric-learned neural networks. We show that uniform negative sampling provides little information about the class boundaries and thus propose three novel techniques for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

Consistency models (CMs) are a powerful class of diffusion-based generative models optimized for fast sampling. Most existing CMs are trained using discretized timesteps, which introduce additional hyperparameters and are prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Cheng Lu , Yang Song

Multiple supervised learning scenarios are composed by a sequence of classification tasks. For instance, multi-task learning and continual learning aim to learn a sequence of tasks that is either fixed or grows over time. Existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-10 Verónica Álvarez , Santiago Mazuelas , Jose A. Lozano

Curriculum learning strategies in prior multi-task learning approaches arrange datasets in a difficulty hierarchy either based on human perception or by exhaustively searching the optimal arrangement. However, human perception of difficulty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Neeraj Varshney , Swaroop Mishra , Chitta Baral

Consistency, which refers to the capability of generating the same predictions for semantically similar contexts, is a highly desirable property for a sound language understanding model. Although recent pretrained language models (PLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Myeongjun Jang , Deuk Sin Kwon , Thomas Lukasiewicz

We propose an adaptation of the curriculum training framework, applicable to state-of-the-art meta learning techniques for few-shot classification. Curriculum-based training popularly attempts to mimic human learning by progressively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Emmanouil Stergiadis , Priyanka Agrawal , Oliver Squire

Curriculum Learning (CL) is a technique of training models via ranking examples in a typically increasing difficulty trend with the aim of accelerating convergence and improving generalisability. Current approaches for Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Fenia Christopoulou , Gerasimos Lampouras , Ignacio Iacobacci

A curriculum is a planned sequence of learning materials and an effective one can make learning efficient and effective for both humans and machines. Recent studies developed effective data-driven curriculum learning approaches for training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Nidhi Vakil , Hadi Amiri

Learning curves provide insight into the dependence of a learner's generalization performance on the training set size. This important tool can be used for model selection, to predict the effect of more training data, and to reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Tom Viering , Marco Loog