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Generating longer textual sequences when conditioned on the visual information is an interesting problem to explore. The challenge here proliferate over the standard vision conditioned sentence-level generation (e.g., image or video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Aditya Mogadala , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

The prevalent approach to sequence to sequence learning maps an input sequence to a variable length output sequence via recurrent neural networks. We introduce an architecture based entirely on convolutional neural networks. Compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Jonas Gehring , Michael Auli , David Grangier , Denis Yarats , Yann N. Dauphin

Memory is fundamental to intelligence, enabling learning, reasoning, and adaptability across biological and artificial systems. While Transformer architectures excel at sequence modeling, they face critical limitations in long-range context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Parsa Omidi , Xingshuai Huang , Axel Laborieux , Bahareh Nikpour , Tianyu Shi , Armaghan Eshaghi

Recently it has been shown that policy-gradient methods for reinforcement learning can be utilized to train deep end-to-end systems directly on non-differentiable metrics for the task at hand. In this paper we consider the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Steven J. Rennie , Etienne Marcheret , Youssef Mroueh , Jarret Ross , Vaibhava Goel

Transformers have achieved success in both language and vision domains. However, it is prohibitively expensive to scale them to long sequences such as long documents or high-resolution images, because self-attention mechanism has quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Chen Zhu , Wei Ping , Chaowei Xiao , Mohammad Shoeybi , Tom Goldstein , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Sequence classification is essential in NLP for understanding and categorizing language patterns in tasks like sentiment analysis, intent detection, and topic classification. Transformer-based models, despite achieving state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hongbo Liu , Jia Xu

Transformers have been established as the de-facto backbones for most recent advances in sequence modeling, mainly due to their growing memory capacity that scales with the context length. While plausible for retrieval tasks, it causes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Behrouz , Zeman Li , Yuan Deng , Peilin Zhong , Meisam Razaviyayn , Vahab Mirrokni

In this paper we address the question of how to render sequence-level networks better at handling structured input. We propose a machine reading simulator which processes text incrementally from left to right and performs shallow reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-22 Jianpeng Cheng , Li Dong , Mirella Lapata

Transformers have become central to natural language processing and large language models, but their deployment at scale faces three major challenges. First, the attention mechanism requires massive matrix multiplications and frequent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xiaoxuan Yang , Peilin Chen , Tergel Molom-Ochir , Yiran Chen

A sequence-to-sequence model is a neural network module for mapping two sequences of different lengths. The sequence-to-sequence model has three core modules: encoder, decoder, and attention. Attention is the bridge that connects the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Looped Transformers provide advantages in parameter efficiency, computational capabilities, and generalization for reasoning tasks. However, their expressive power regarding function approximation remains underexplored. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Kevin Xu , Issei Sato

Transformers suffer from the computational overhead of their quadratic dependence on the length of sequences processed. We present three methods, all adding an intermediate step between training and inference/generation, which extend the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 R. I. Cukier

The Transformer model has a tendency to overfit various aspects of the training data, such as the overall sequence length. We study elementary string edit functions using a defined set of error indicators to interpret the behaviour of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Patrik Zavoral , Dušan Variš , Ondřej Bojar

Extending the context length (i.e., the maximum supported sequence length) of LLMs is of paramount significance. To facilitate long context training of LLMs, sequence parallelism has emerged as an essential technique, which scatters each…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yujie Wang , Shiju Wang , Shenhan Zhu , Fangcheng Fu , Xinyi Liu , Xuefeng Xiao , Huixia Li , Jiashi Li , Faming Wu , Bin Cui

Self-attention has recently been adopted for a wide range of sequence modeling problems. Despite its effectiveness, self-attention suffers from quadratic compute and memory requirements with respect to sequence length. Successful approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Aurko Roy , Mohammad Saffar , Ashish Vaswani , David Grangier

Sequence-to-sequence models have been applied to the conversation response generation problem where the source sequence is the conversation history and the target sequence is the response. Unlike translation, conversation responding is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Louis Shao , Stephan Gouws , Denny Britz , Anna Goldie , Brian Strope , Ray Kurzweil

A number of problems in the processing of sound and natural language, as well as in other areas, can be reduced to simultaneously reading an input sequence and writing an output sequence of generally different length. There are well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Grzegorz Rypeść , Łukasz Lepak , Paweł Wawrzyński

Deep network architectures struggle to continually learn new tasks without forgetting the previous tasks. A recent trend indicates that dynamic architectures based on an expansion of the parameters can reduce catastrophic forgetting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Arthur Douillard , Alexandre Ramé , Guillaume Couairon , Matthieu Cord

Transformer architectures have facilitated the development of large-scale and general-purpose sequence models for prediction tasks in natural language processing and computer vision, e.g., GPT-3 and Swin Transformer. Although originally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Muning Wen , Runji Lin , Hanjing Wang , Yaodong Yang , Ying Wen , Luo Mai , Jun Wang , Haifeng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

Scaling sequence length has become a critical demand in the era of large language models. However, existing methods struggle with either computational complexity or model expressivity, rendering the maximum sequence length restricted. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jiayu Ding , Shuming Ma , Li Dong , Xingxing Zhang , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Nanning Zheng , Furu Wei