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Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving large language models beyond supervised fine-tuning, yet sustaining performance gains at scale remains an open challenge, as data diversity and structure, rather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Cansu Sancaktar , David Zhang , Gabriel Synnaeve , Taco Cohen

Recent studies have shown that reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective approach for improving the performance of neural machine translation (NMT) system. However, due to its instability, successfully RL training is challenging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Lijun Wu , Fei Tian , Tao Qin , Jianhuang Lai , Tie-Yan Liu

We propose an open-source python platform for applications of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in fluid mechanics. DRL has been widely used in optimizing decision-making in nonlinear and high-dimensional problems. Here, an agent maximizes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-19 Qiulei Wang , Lei Yan , Gang Hu , Chao Li , Yiqing Xiao , Hao Xiong , Jean Rabault , Bernd R. Noack

Reinforcement learning (RL) has helped improve decision-making in several applications. However, applying traditional RL is challenging in some applications, such as rehabilitation of people with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Among other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Nathan Phelps , Stephanie Marrocco , Stephanie Cornell , Dalton L. Wolfe , Daniel J. Lizotte

Due to recent breakthroughs, reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated impressive performance in challenging sequential decision-making problems. However, an open question is how to make RL cope with partial observability which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Stephan Weigand , Pascal Klink , Jan Peters , Joni Pajarinen

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a branch of machine learning which is employed to solve various sequential decision making problems without proper supervision. Due to the recent advancement of deep learning, the newly proposed Deep-RL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Dhruv Ramani

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to turn large datasets into powerful decision-making engines without any online interactions with the environment. This great promise has motivated a large amount of research that hopes to replicate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Louis Monier , Jakub Kmec , Alexandre Laterre , Thomas Pierrot , Valentin Courgeau , Olivier Sigaud , Karim Beguir

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has shown huge potentials in building financial market simulators recently. However, due to the highly complex and dynamic nature of real-world markets, raw historical financial data often involve large…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-03-03 Xiao-Yang Liu , Jingyang Rui , Jiechao Gao , Liuqing Yang , Hongyang Yang , Zhaoran Wang , Christina Dan Wang , Jian Guo

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has had success across various domains, but applying it to environments with constraints remains challenging due to poor sample efficiency and slow convergence. Recent literature explored incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Mirco Theile , Lukas Dirnberger , Raphael Trumpp , Marco Caccamo , Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli

Understanding the long-term impact of algorithmic interventions on society is vital to achieving responsible AI. Traditional evaluation strategies often fall short due to the complex, adaptive and dynamic nature of society. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Emmanuel Klu , Sameer Sethi , DJ Passey , Donald Martin

Reinforcement learning (RL) excels in various applications but struggles in dynamic environments where the underlying Markov decision process evolves. Continual reinforcement learning (CRL) enables RL agents to continually learn and adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xue Yang , Michael Schukat , Junlin Lu , Patrick Mannion , Karl Mason , Enda Howley

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has made significant strides in enabling artificial agents to learn diverse behaviors. However, learning an effective policy often requires a large number of environment interactions. To mitigate sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yash Shukla , Tanushree Burman , Abhishek Kulkarni , Robert Wright , Alvaro Velasquez , Jivko Sinapov

This paper presents an upgraded, real world application oriented version of gym-gazebo, the Robot Operating System (ROS) and Gazebo based Reinforcement Learning (RL) toolkit, which complies with OpenAI Gym. The content discusses the new ROS…

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the field of robotic reinforcement learning (RL), enabling methods that handle complex image observations, train in the real world, and incorporate auxiliary data, such as…

We propose a Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) algorithm for solving the online 3D bin packing problem for an arbitrary number of bins and any bin size. The focus is on producing decisions that can be physically implemented by a robotic…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has gained significant momentum in the development of network protocols. However, RL-based protocols are still in their infancy, and substantial research is required to build deployable solutions. Developing a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Luca Giacomoni , Basil Benny , George Parisis

Experimental studies of beauty hadron decays face significant challenges due to a wide range of backgrounds arising from the numerous possible decay channels with similar final states. For a particular signal decay, the process for…

Phosphorus removal is vital in wastewater treatment to reduce reliance on limited resources. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a machine learning technique that can optimize complex and nonlinear systems, including the processes in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-25 Esmaeel Mohammadi , Mikkel Stokholm-Bjerregaard , Aviaja Anna Hansen , Per Halkjær Nielsen , Daniel Ortiz-Arroyo , Petar Durdevic

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) provides a promising approach to avoid costly online interaction with the real environment. However, the performance of offline RL highly depends on the quality of the datasets, which may cause…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yiwen Hou , Haoyuan Sun , Jinming Ma , Feng Wu

Reinforcement learning (RL) allows an agent interacting sequentially with an environment to maximize its long-term expected return. In the distributional RL (DistrRL) paradigm, the agent goes beyond the limit of the expected value, to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Mastane Achab , Reda Alami , Yasser Abdelaziz Dahou Djilali , Kirill Fedyanin , Eric Moulines