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Compression for machines is an emerging field, where inputs are encoded while optimizing the performance of downstream automated analysis. In scalable coding for humans and machines, the compressed representation used for machines is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-19 Alon Harell , Yalda Foroutan , Ivan V. Bajic

Vector Quantization (VQ) has become the cornerstone of tokenization for many multimodal Large Language Models and diffusion synthesis. However, existing VQ paradigms suffer from a fundamental conflict: they enforce discretization before the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenhao Zhao , Qiran Zou , Zhouhan Lin , Dianbo Liu

The demand for efficient multi-rate encoding techniques has surged with the increasing prevalence of ultra-high-definition (UHD) video content, particularly in adaptive streaming scenarios where a single video must be encoded at multiple…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Vignesh V Menon , Adam Wieckowski , Yiquin Liu , Benjamin Bross , Detlev Marpe

Discretization of semantic features enables interoperability between semantic and digital communication systems, showing significant potential for practical applications. The fundamental difficulty in digitizing semantic features stems from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jianqiao Chen , Tingting Zhu , Huishi Song , Nan Ma , Xiaodong Xu

A transcoding scheme for the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is proposed that allows any partial frame modification to be followed by a partial re-compression of only the modified areas, while guaranteeing identical reconstruction of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mohsen Abdoli , Félix Henry , Gordon Clare

Recent success in speech representation learning enables a new way to leverage unlabeled data to train speech recognition model. In speech representation learning, a large amount of unlabeled data is used in a self-supervised manner to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Shaoshi Ling , Yuzong Liu

The processing of mega-dimensional data, such as images, scales linearly with image size only if fixed size processing windows are used. It would be very useful to be able to automate the process of sizing and interconnecting the processing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-12-21 Stephen Luttrell

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed on edge devices for long-context settings, creating a growing need for fast and efficient long-context inference. In these scenarios, the Key-Value (KV) cache is the primary…

Speech codecs learn compact representations of speech signals to facilitate data transmission. Many recent deep neural network (DNN) based end-to-end speech codecs achieve low bitrates and high perceptual quality at the cost of model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Kai Zhen , Jongmo Sung , Mi Suk Lee , Seungkwon Beack , Minje Kim

Training neural video codec (NVC) with variable rate is a highly challenging task due to its complex training strategies and model structure. In this paper, we train an efficient variable bitrate neural video codec (EV-NVC) with the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yongcun Hu , Yingzhen Zhai , Jixiang Luo , Wenrui Dai , Dell Zhang , Hongkai Xiong , Xuelong Li

Versatile video coding (VVC) is the next generation video coding standard developed by the joint video experts team (JVET) and released in July 2020. VVC introduces several new coding tools providing a significant coding gain over the high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Guillaume Gautier , Mousa FarajAllah , Wassim Hamidouche , Olivier Déforges , Safwan El Assad

In this paper, we propose StableQuant, a novel adaptive post-training quantization (PTQ) algorithm for widely used speech foundation models (SFMs). While PTQ has been successfully employed for compressing large language models (LLMs) due to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 Yeona Hong , Hyewon Han , Woo-jin Chung , Hong-Goo Kang

Semantic communication has witnessed a great progress with the development of natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning (DL). Although existing semantic communication technologies can effectively reduce errors in semantic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-06 Qingyang Zhou , Rongpeng Li , Zhifeng Zhao , Yong Xiao , Honggang Zhang

Post-training model quantization is a widely adopted technique for reducing the memory and computational costs of large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods rely on uniform or heuristic bitwidth assignments, failing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Chao Zhang , Li Wang , Samson Lasaulce , Merouane Debbah

Typically, singing voice conversion (SVC) depends on an embedding vector, extracted from either a speaker lookup table (LUT) or a speaker recognition network (SRN), to model speaker identity. However, singing contains more expressive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-07 Xu Li , Shansong Liu , Ying Shan

Recent advancements in neural audio codec (NAC) unlock new potential in audio signal processing. Studies have increasingly explored leveraging the latent features of NAC for various speech signal processing tasks. This paper introduces the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yuan Fang , Jinglin Bai , Jiajie Wang , Xueliang Zhang

The growing context length of Large Language Models (LLMs) enlarges the Key-Value (KV) cache, limiting deployment in resource-limited environments. Prior training-free approaches for KV cache compression typically rely on low-rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yixuan Wang , Qingyu Shi , Jiayu Zhou , Dianbo Liu , Ziwei He , Zhouhan Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, their exponentially increasing parameters pose significant challenges for deployment on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zukang Xu , Xing Hu , Qiang Wu , Dawei Yang

We investigate segmenting and clustering speech into low-bitrate phone-like sequences without supervision. We specifically constrain pretrained self-supervised vector-quantized (VQ) neural networks so that blocks of contiguous feature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Herman Kamper , Benjamin van Niekerk

In recent years, the proliferation of multimedia applications and formats, such as IPTV, Virtual Reality (VR, 360-degree), and point cloud videos, has presented new challenges to the video compression research community. Simultaneously,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-23 Thomas Amestoy , Naty Sidaty , Wassim Hamidouche , Pierrick Philippe , Daniel Menard