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We study a model of programmable matter systems consisting of $n$ devices lying on a 2-dimensional square grid which are able to perform the minimal mechanical operation of rotating around each other. The goal is to transform an initial…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Matthew Connor , Othon Michail , Igor Potapov

We consider a discrete system of $n$ devices lying on a 2-dimensional square grid and forming an initial connected shape $S_I$. Each device is equipped with a linear-strength mechanism which enables it to move a whole line of consecutive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Abdullah Almethen , Othon Michail , Igor Potapov

In this paper, we study a discrete system of entities residing on a two-dimensional square grid. Each entity is modelled as a node occupying a distinct cell of the grid. The set of all $n$ nodes forms initially a connected shape $A$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Abdullah Almethen , Othon Michail , Igor Potapov

In this work, we study theoretical models of \emph{programmable matter} systems. The systems under consideration consist of spherical modules, kept together by magnetic forces and able to perform two minimal mechanical operations (or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Othon Michail , George Skretas , Paul G. Spirakis

We present the first universal reconfiguration algorithm for transforming a modular robot between any two facet-connected square-grid configurations using pivot moves. More precisely, we show that five extra "helper" modules ("musketeers")…

We study centralized reconfiguration problems for geometric amoebot structures. A set of $n$ amoebots occupy nodes on the triangular grid and can reconfigure via expansion and contraction operations. We focus on the joint movement…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Manish Kumar , Othon Michail , Andreas Padalkin , Christian Scheideler

Molecular robotics is challenging, so it seems best to keep it simple. We consider an abstract molecular robotics model based on simple folding instructions that execute asynchronously. Turning Machines are a simple 1D to 2D folding model,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Irina Kostitsyna , Cai Wood , Damien Woods

Autonomous reconfiguration of agent-based systems is a key challenge in the study of programmable matter, distributed robotics, and molecular self-assembly. While substantial prior work has focused on size-preserving transformations, much…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Nada Almalki , Siddharth Gupta , Othon Michail , Andreas Padalkin

We give both efficient algorithms and hardness results for reconfiguring between two connected configurations of modules in the hexagonal grid. The reconfiguration moves that we consider are "pivots", where a hexagonal module rotates around…

Conforming hexahedral (hex) meshes are favored in simulation for their superior numerical properties, yet automatically decomposing a general 3D volume into a conforming hex mesh remains a formidable challenge. Among existing approaches,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Hua Tong , Yongjie Jessica Zhang

We study the problem of covering a given set of $n$ points in a high, $d$-dimensional space by the minimum enclosing polytope of a given arbitrary shape. We present algorithms that work for a large family of shapes, provided either only…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Rina Panigrahy

In programmable matter, we consider a large number of tiny, primitive computational entities called particles that run distributed algorithms to control global properties of the particle structure. Shape formation problems, where the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Matthias Artmann , Andreas Padalkin , Christian Scheideler

The decomposition of complex structures into simpler substructures is a powerful technique with a wide range of applications. We study the computation of decompositions in the context of programmable matter. The amoebot model is a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Henning Hillebrandt , Andreas Padalkin , Christian Scheideler , Daniel Warner , Julian Werthmann

This paper studies hidden convexity properties associated with constrained optimization problems over the set of rotation matrices $\text{SO}(n)$. Such problems are nonconvex due to the constraint $X \in \text{SO}(n)$. Nonetheless, we show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-01 Akshay Ramachandran , Kevin Shu , Alex L. Wang

Rotation Averaging is a non-convex optimization problem that determines orientations of a collection of cameras from their images of a 3D scene. The problem has been studied using a variety of distances and robustifiers. The intrinsic (or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Kyle Wilson , David Bindel

The amoebot model [Derakhshandeh et al., 2014] has been proposed as a model for programmable matter consisting of tiny, robotic elements called amoebots. We consider the reconfigurable circuit extension [Feldmann et al., JCB 2022] of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Andreas Padalkin , Christian Scheideler , Daniel Warner

Tomography is the area of reconstructing objects from projections. Here we wish to reconstruct a set of cells in a two dimensional grid, given the number of cells in every row and column. The set is required to be an hv-convex polyomino,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Christoph Durr , Marek Chrobak

Transitive consistency is an intrinsic property for collections of linear invertible transformations between Euclidean coordinate frames. In practice, when the transformations are estimated from data, this property is lacking. This work…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-09-03 Johan Thunberg , Florian Bernard , Jorge Goncalves

Many years ago John Tyrell a lecturer at King's college London challenged his Ph.D. students with the following puzzle: show that there is a unique triangle of minimal perimeter with exactly one vertex to lie on one of three given lines,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Triloki Nath , Manohar Choudhary , Ram K. Pandey

In this paper, the problem of reaching formation for a network of rigid agents over a special orthogonal group is investigated by considering bearing-only constraints as the desired formation. Each agent is able to gather the measurements…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-02 Sara Mansourinasab , Mahdi Sojoodi , Seyed Reza Moghadasi
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