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In this letter, we study tree-level scattering amplitudes of scalar particles in the context of effective field theories. We use tools similar to the soft bootstrap to build an ansatz for cyclically ordered amplitudes and impose the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-11 Taro V. Brown , Karol Kampf , Umut Oktem , Shruti Paranjape , Jaroslav Trnka

We study geometric presentations of braid groups for particles that are constrained to move on a graph, i.e. a network consisting of nodes and edges. Our proposed set of generators consists of exchanges of pairs of particles on junctions of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Byung Hee An , Tomasz Maciazek

Using BCFW on-shell recursion techniques, we prove a sequence of explicit n-point Kawai-Lewellen-Tye relations between gravity and Yang-Mills amplitudes at tree level.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-21 N. E. J. Bjerrum-Bohr , Poul H. Damgaard , Bo Feng , Thomas Sondergaard

Recently, by using the known structure of one-loop scattering amplitudes for gluons in Yang-Mills theory, a recursion relation for tree-level scattering amplitudes has been deduced. Here, we give a short and direct proof of this recursion…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-07 Ruth Britto , Freddy Cachazo , Bo Feng , Edward Witten

By the use of cyclic symmetry, KK relations and BCJ relations, one can reduce the number of independent $N$-point color-ordered tree amplitudes in gauge theory and string theory from $N!$ to $(N-3)!$. In this paper, we investigate these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 Qian Ma , Yi-Jian Du , Yi-Xin Chen

Symmetries of Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) amplitudes, together with the recursive expansions, induce nontrivial identities for pure Yang-Mills amplitudes. In the previous work \cite{Hou:2018bwm}, we have already proven that the identities…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-05-20 Yi-Jian Du , Linghui Hou

The correspondence between weighted undirected graphs and reversible Markov chains via vertex random walks is simple and well known. Leveraging this correspondence and ideas from the theory of dynamical systems, we study the structural…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Yang Xiang , Kevin McGoff , Andrew B. Nobel

In this paper, we investigate tree-level scattering amplitude relations in $U(N)$ non-linear sigma model. We use Cayley parametrization. As was shown in the recent works [23,24] both on-shell amplitudes and off-shell currents with odd…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 Gang Chen , Yi-Jian Du

In the gauge-theoretic formulation of gravity the cubic vertex becomes simple enough for some graviton scattering amplitudes to be computed using Berends-Giele-type recursion relations. We present such a computation for the current with all…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-05 Gianluca Delfino , Kirill Krasnov , Carlos Scarinci

We find double copy relations between classical radiating solutions in Yang-Mills theory coupled to dynamical color charges and their counterparts in a cubic bi-adjoint scalar field theory which interacts linearly with particles carrying…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-12-29 Walter D. Goldberger , Siddharth G. Prabhu , Jedidiah O. Thompson

We present a proof of the Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten tree-level recursion relation for gluon amplitudes in QCD, based on a direct equivalence between BCFW decompositions and Feynman diagrams. We demonstrate that this equivalence can be made…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-01-07 Petros D. Draggiotis , Ronald H. P. Kleiss , Achilleas Lazopoulos , Costas G. Papadopoulos

In this paper, we present a systematic derivation aimed at obtaining general expressions for on-shell recursion relations for tree-level open string amplitudes. Our approach involves applying the BCFW shift to an open string amplitude…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-02 Pongwit Srisangyingcharoen

We analyze the off-shell scattering amplitudes in the framework of the light-front perturbation theory. It is shown that the previously derived recursion relation between tree level off-shell amplitudes in this formalism actually resums…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-24 C. Cruz-Santiago , P. Kotko , A. Stasto

We derive a quadratic-time algorithm for the genus distribution of any 3-regular, biconnected series-parallel graph, which we extend to any biconnected series-parallel graph of maximum degree at most 3. Since the biconnected components of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-07-31 Jonathan L. Gross , Michal Kotrbčík , Timothy Sun

In this paper, we investigate the expansion of tree level multitrace Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) amplitudes. First, we propose two types of recursive expansions of tree level EYM amplitudes with an arbitrary number of gluons, gravitons and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-12-12 Yi-Jian Du , Bo Feng , Fei Teng

Up until now, the BCFW technique has been a widely used method in getting the amplitudes in various theories. Usually, the vanishing of the boundary term is necessary for the efficiency of the method. However, there are also many kinds of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-04-06 Gang Chen

Following the spirit of S-matrix program, we proposed a modified Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten recursion relation for tree amplitudes of noncommutative U(N) Yang-Mills theory. Starting from three-point amplitudes, one can use this modified…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 Jia-Hui Huang , Rijun Huang , Yin Jia

A double-cover extension of the scattering equation formalism of Cachazo, He and Yuan (CHY) leads us to conjecture covariant factorization formulas of n-particle scattering amplitudes in Yang-Mills theories. Evidence is given that these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-06 N. E. J. Bjerrum-Bohr , Poul H. Damgaard , Humberto Gomez

We show that if a graph is k-edge-connected, and we adjoin to it another graph satisfying a "contracted diameter less or equal to 2" condition, with minimal degree greater or equal to k, and some natural hypothesis on the edges connecting…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2008-12-18 José Ignacio Alvarez-Hamelin , Jorge Rodolfo Busch

This thesis aims at providing better understanding of the perturbative expansion of gauge theories with and without supersymmetry. At tree level, the BCFW recursion relations are analyzed with respect to their validity for general off-shell…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-09-30 Alexander Ochirov