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Analysis of competing risks data is often complicated by the incomplete or selectively missing information on the cause of failure. Standard approaches typically assume that the cause of failure is missing at random (MAR), an assumption…

Handling missing data is a major challenge in model-based clustering, especially when the data exhibit skewness and heavy tails. We address this by extending the finite mixture of scale mixtures of multivariate skew-normal (FMSMSN) family…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Jason Pillay , Cristina Tortora , Antonio Punzo , Andriette Bekker

Missing Not At Random (MNAR) values lead to significant biases in the data, since the probability of missingness depends on the unobserved values.They are ''not ignorable'' in the sense that they often require defining a model for the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Aude Sportisse , Claire Boyer , Julie Josse

Data collected in clinical trials are often composed of multiple types of variables. For example, laboratory measurements and vital signs are longitudinal data of continuous or categorical variables, adverse events may be recurrent events,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-12 Tuo Wang , Rachel Zilinskas , Ying Li , Yongming Qu

We consider identification and estimation with an outcome missing not at random (MNAR). We study an identification strategy based on a so-called shadow variable. A shadow variable is assumed to be correlated with the outcome, but…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-10 Wang Miao , Lan Liu , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen , Zhi Geng

We present an approach to inform decisions about nonresponse follow-up sampling. The basic idea is (i) to create completed samples by imputing nonrespondents' data under various assumptions about the nonresponse mechanisms, (ii) take…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-16 Thais Paiva , Jerry Reiter

We propose an l1-regularized likelihood method for estimating the inverse covariance matrix in the high-dimensional multivariate normal model in presence of missing data. Our method is based on the assumption that the data are missing at…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-02-28 Nicolas Städler , Peter Bühlmann

There is a long history of devleopment of methodology dealing with missing data in statistical analysis. Today, the most popular methods fall into two classes, Complete Cases (CC) and Multiple Imputation (MI). Another approach, Available…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-17 Xiao Gu , Norman Matloff

Missing data frequently occurs in datasets across various domains, such as medicine, sports, and finance. In many cases, to enable proper and reliable analyses of such data, the missing values are often imputed, and it is necessary that the…

Multiple imputation is a well-established general technique for analyzing data with missing values. A convenient way to implement multiple imputation is sequential regression multiple imputation (SRMI), also called chained equations…

When data are incomplete, a random vector Y for the data process together with a binary random vector R for the process that causes missing data, are modelled jointly. We review conditions under which R can be ignored for drawing likelihood…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-01 John C Galati

Pre-trained machine learning (ML) predictions have been increasingly used to complement incomplete data to enable downstream scientific inquiries, but their naive integration risks biased inferences. Recently, multiple methods have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-12 Xingran Chen , Tyler McCormick , Bhramar Mukherjee , Zhenke Wu

Missing data is a common problem in medical research, and is commonly addressed using multiple imputation. Although traditional imputation methods allow for valid statistical inference when data are missing at random (MAR), their…

We congratulate Nabi et al. (2022) on their impressive and insightful paper, which illustrates the benefits of using causal/counterfactual perspectives and tools in missing data problems. This paper represents an important approach to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-17 Alex W. Levis , Edward H. Kennedy

Monotone missingness is commonly encountered in practice when a missing measurement compels another measurement to be missing. Because of the simpler missing data pattern, monotone missing data is often viewed as beneficial from the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-14 Santtu Tikka , Juha Karvanen

Missing value imputation is a fundamental challenge in machine intelligence, heavily dependent on data completeness. Current imputation methods often handle numerical and categorical attributes independently, overlooking critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Xiaopeng Luo , Zexi Tan , Zhuowei Wang

In this paper, we analyze a specific class of missing not at random (MNAR) assumptions called tree graphs, extending upon the work of pattern graphs. We build off previous work by introducing the idea of a conjugate odds family in which…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-20 Daniel Suen , Yen-Chi Chen

We introduce a nonresponse mechanism for multivariate missing data in which each study variable and its nonresponse indicator are conditionally independent given the remaining variables and their nonresponse indicators. This is a…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-05 Mauricio Sadinle , Jerome P. Reiter

We introduce a new nonparametric framework for classification problems in the presence of missing data. The key aspect of our framework is that the regression function decomposes into an anova-type sum of orthogonal functions, of which some…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-06 Torben Sell , Thomas B. Berrett , Timothy I. Cannings

Nonignorable missing data, where the probability of missingness depends on unobserved values, presents a significant challenge in statistical analysis. Traditional methods often rely on strong parametric assumptions that are difficult to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-19 Yujie Zhao