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We adopt a measure-theoretic perspective on the Riemannian approximation scheme proving a sub-Riemannian Gauss-Bonnet theorem for surfaces in 3D contact manifolds. We show that the zero-order term in the limit is a singular measure…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Davide Barilari , Eugenio Bellini , Andrea Pinamonti

In this article we generalize the notion of constant angle surfaces in S^2 x R and H^2 x R to general Bianchi-Cartan-Vranceanu spaces, i.e. essentially to three-dimensional homogeneous spaces with a four-dimensional isometry group. We show…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-08-03 Johan Fastenakels , Marian Ioan Munteanu , Joeri Van der Veken

The discrete Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}_{\mathbb{Z}}^{2k+1}$ is the group generated by $a_1,b_1,\ldots,a_k,b_k,c$, subject to the relations $[a_1,b_1]=\ldots=[a_k,b_k]=c$ and $[a_i,a_j]=[b_i,b_j]=[a_i,b_j]=[a_i,c]=[b_i,c]=1$ for every…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Assaf Naor , Robert Young

We study the stability of minimizers of weighted $p$-area functionals associated with prescribed $p$-mean curvature surfaces in the Heisenberg group. While existence and uniqueness results are well established, quantitative stability with…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Amir Moradifam , Gerardo Orozco-Fernandez

Let $\mathbb H$ denote the three-dimensional Heisenberg group. In this paper, we study vertical curves in $\mathbb H$ and fibers of maps $\mathbb H \to \mathbb R^2$ from a metric perspective. We say that a set in $\mathbb H$ is a vertical…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Gioacchino Antonelli , Robert Young

Our first objective in this paper is to give a natural formulation of the Christoffel problem for hypersurfaces in $H^{n+1}$, by means of the hyperbolic Gauss map and the notion of hyperbolic curvature radii for hypersurfaces. Our second…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-18 J. M. Espinar , J. A. Galvez , P. Mira

The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) limits the accuracy in the simultaneous measurements of the position and momentum variables of any quantum system. This is known to be true in the context of non-relativistic quantum mechanics.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-25 Jaume Giné , Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano

We introduce novel equations, in the spirit of rough path theory, that parametrize level sets of intrinsically regular maps on the Heisenberg group with values in $\mathbb{R}^2$. These equations can be seen as a sub-Riemannian counterpart…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-28 Valentino Magnani , Eugene Stepanov , Dario Trevisan

We study immersed, connected, umbilic hypersurfaces in the Heisenberg group $H_{n}$ with $n$ $\geq $ $2.$ We show that such a hypersurface, if closed, must be rotationally invariant up to a Heisenberg translation. Moreover, we prove that,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-12-21 Jih-Hsin Cheng , Hung-Lin Chiu , Jenn-Fang Hwang , Paul Yang

In the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$, equipped with a left-invariant and not necessarily symmetric norm in the horizontal distribution, we provide examples of entire area-minimizing horizontal graphs which are locally Lipschitz in…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-05-03 Gianmarco Giovannardi , Julián Pozuelo , Manuel Ritoré

After introducing the sub-Riemannian geometry of the Heisenberg group Hn, n \geq 1, we recall some basics about hypersurfaces endowed with the H-perimeter measure and horizontal Green's formulas. Then, we describe a class of compact closed…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2011-11-18 Francescopaolo Montefalcone

On generalized Heisenberg-type groups $\mathbb{G}(2n,m,\mathbb{U},\mathbb{W})$, we give uniform volume estimates for the ball defined by a large class of Carnot-Carath\'{e}odory distances, and establish weak (1, 1) $O(C^m \, n)$-estimates…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Cheng Bi , Hong-Quan Li

It is shown that parts of planes, helicoids and hyperbolic paraboloids are the only minimal surfaces ruled by geodesics in the three dimensional Riemannian Heisenberg group. It is also shown that they are the only surfaces in the three…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-06-09 Young Wook Kim , Sung-Eun Koh , Hyung Yong Lee , Heayong Shin , Seong-Deog Yang

In this work we investigate constant angle surfaces in the Lorentzian Heisenberg group $\htt$. After providing a complete description of the geometry of the ambient space, we perform the full classification of minimal and CMC helix surfaces…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Lorenzo Pellegrino

In this paper, we classify the Einstein hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n \times \mathbb{R}$. We use the characterization of the hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n \times…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-10-16 Benedito Leandro , Romildo Pina , João Paulo dos Santos

In quantum theory on curved backgrounds, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is usually discussed in terms of ensemble variances and flat-space commutators. Here we take a different, preparation-based viewpoint tailored to sharp position…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-05 Thomas Schürmann

We prove a height-estimate (distance from the tangent hyperplane) for $\Lambda$-minima of the perimeter in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg group. The estimate is in terms of a power of the excess ($L^2$-mean oscillation of the normal) and its…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Roberto Monti , Davide Vittone

We examine the geometry of the level sets of particular horizontally $p$-harmonic functions in the Heisenberg group. We find sharp, natural geometric conditions ensuring that the level sets of the $p$-capacitary potential of a bounded…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Mattia Fogagnolo , Andrea Pinamonti

For a strictly convex set $K\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ of class $C^2$ we consider its associated sub-Finsler $K$-perimeter $|\partial E|_K$ in $\mathbb{H}^1$ and the prescribed mean curvature functional $|\partial E|_K-\int_E f$ associated to a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Gianmarco Giovannardi , Manuel Ritoré

The 3-dimensional Heisenberg group can be equipped with three different types of left-invariant Lorentzian metric, according to whether the center of the Lie algebra is spacelike, timelike or null. Using the second of these types, we study…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-08 David Brander , Shimpei Kobayashi