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Large language models trained for safety and harmlessness remain susceptible to adversarial misuse, as evidenced by the prevalence of "jailbreak" attacks on early releases of ChatGPT that elicit undesired behavior. Going beyond recognition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Alexander Wei , Nika Haghtalab , Jacob Steinhardt

The performance of machine learning algorithms heavily relies on the availability of a large amount of training data. However, in reality, data usually reside in distributed parties such as different institutions and may not be directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Maoguo Gong , Yuan Gao , Yu Xie , A. K. Qin , Ke Pan , Yew-Soon Ong

Predictive safety filters enable the integration of potentially unsafe learning-based control approaches and humans into safety-critical systems. In addition to simple constraint satisfaction, many control problems involve additional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Elias Milios , Kim Peter Wabersich , Felix Berkel , Lukas Schwenkel

This paper introduces NEST (Network-Enforced Session Types), a runtime verification framework that moves application-level protocol monitoring into the network fabric. Unlike prior work that instruments or wraps application code, we…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jens Kanstrup Larsen , Alceste Scalas , Guy Amir , Jules Jacobs , Jana Wagemaker , Nate Foster

We describe scalable protocols for solving the secure multi-party computation (MPC) problem among a large number of parties. We consider both the synchronous and the asynchronous communication models. In the synchronous setting, our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-29 Varsha Dani , Valerie King , Mahnush Movahedi , Jared Saia , Mahdi Zamani

Mixed-choice has long been barred from models of asynchronous communication since it compromises key properties of communicating finite-state machines. Session types inherit this restriction, which precludes them from fully modelling…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Jonah Pears , Laura Bocchi , Andy King

We present Most, a process language with message-observing session types. Message-observing session types extend binary session types with type-level computation to specify communication protocols that vary based on messages observed on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Ryan Kavanagh , Brigitte Pientka

Recent research on dialogue state tracking (DST) focuses on methods that allow few- and zero-shot transfer to new domains or schemas. However, performance gains heavily depend on aggressive data augmentation and fine-tuning of ever larger…

Traffic accident analysis is pivotal for enhancing public safety and developing road regulations. Traditional approaches, although widely used, are often constrained by manual analysis processes, subjective decisions, uni-modal outputs, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Kebin Wu , Wenbin Li , Xiaofei Xiao

We propose the Automata-based Multiparty Protocols framework (AMP) for top-down protocol development. The framework features a new very general formalism for global protocol specifications called Protocol State Machines (PSMs),…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Felix Stutz , Emanuele D'Osualdo

Traditional benchmarks for large language models (LLMs), such as HELM and AIR-BENCH, primarily assess safety risk through breadth-oriented evaluation across diverse tasks. However, real-world deployment often exposes a different class of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Keita Broadwater

We propose a semantically grounded theory of session types which relies on intersection and union types. We argue that intersection and union types are natural candidates for modeling branching points in session types and we show that the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2011-01-25 Luca Padovani

This paper proposes a sound procedure to verify properties of communicating session automata (CSA), i.e., communicating automata that include multiparty session types. We introduce a new asynchronous compatibility property for CSA, called…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Julien Lange , Nobuko Yoshida

Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly applied to decision-making and control problems in Cyber-Physical Systems among which many are safety-critical, e.g., chemical plants, robotics, autonomous vehicles. Despite the significant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-12 Xiaozhe Gu , Arvind Easwaran

Multi-party private set union (MPSU) protocol enables $m$ $(m > 2)$ parties, each holding a set, to collectively compute the union of their sets without revealing any additional information to other parties. There are two main categories of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Minglang Dong , Yu Chen , Cong Zhang , Yujie Bai

The publication of the pivotal state machine replication protocol PBFT laid the foundation for a large body of BFT protocols. While many successors to PBFT have been developed, there is no general technique to compare these protocols under…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Martin Nischwitz , Marko Esche , Florian Tschorsch

Session management is a fundamental component of web applications: despite the apparent simplicity, correctly implementing web sessions is extremely tricky, as witnessed by the large number of existing attacks. This motivated the design of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Stefano Calzavara , Riccardo Focardi , Niklas Grimm , Matteo Maffei , Mauro Tempesta

We (re)define session types as projections of process behaviors with respect to the communication channels they use. In this setting, we give session types a semantics based on fair testing. The outcome is a unified theory of behavioral…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2009-12-01 Luca Padovani

The rapid adoption of foundation models has significantly expanded the capabilities of software systems, enabling them to perform complex language, reasoning, and interaction tasks that were previously difficult to automate. However, this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Mina Taraghi , Mohammad Mehdi Morovati , Foutse Khomh

We identify multirole logic as a new form of logic and formalize linear multirole logic (LMRL) as a natural generalization of classical linear logic (CLL). Among various meta-properties established for LMRL, we obtain one named multi-cut…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Hongwei Xi , Hanwen Wu