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State-of-the-art blockchain sharding solutions such as Monoxide, can cause severely imbalanced distribution of transaction (TX) workloads across all blockchain shards due to the deployment policy of their accounts. Imbalanced TX…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Huawei Huang , Zhaokang Yin , Qinde Chen , Guang Ye , Xiaowen Peng , Yue Lin , Zibin Zheng , Song Guo

Increasing the transactional throughput of decentralized blockchains in a secure manner has been the holy grail of blockchain research for most of the past decade. This paper introduces a scheme for scaling blockchains while retaining…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-27 John Adler , Mikerah Quintyne-Collins

Blockchain uses the idea of storing transaction data in the form of a distributed ledger wherein each node in the network stores a current copy of the sequence of transactions in the form of a hash chain. This requirement of storing the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Ravi Kiran Raman , Lav R. Varshney

Public blockchains should be able to scale with respect to the number of nodes and to the transactions workload. The blockchain scalability trilemma has been informally conjectured. This is related to scalability, security and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Gianmaria Del Monte , Diego Pennino , Maurizio Pizzonia

Sharding, i.e. splitting the miners or validators to form and run several subchains in parallel, is known as one of the main solutions to the scalability problem of blockchains. The drawback is that as the number of miners expanding each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Nastaran Abadi Khooshemehr , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

In this paper, we present a pricing mechanism that aligns incentives of agents who exchange resources on a decentralized ledger with the goal of maximizing transaction throughput. Subdividing a blockchain ledger into shards promises to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-02 James R. Riehl , Jonathan Ward

Scalability is a common issue among the most used permissionless blockchains, and several approaches have been proposed accordingly. As Ethereum is set to be a solid foundation for a decentralized Internet web, the need for tackling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Mikel Cortes-Goicoechea , Luca Franceschini , Leonardo Bautista-Gomez

Blockchain-based Distributed Ledgers (DLs) promise to transform the existing financial system by making it truly democratic. In the past decade, blockchain technology has seen many novel applications ranging from the banking industry to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Anurag Jain , Shoeb Siddiqui , Sujit Gujar

While many researchers adopt a sharding approach to design scaling blockchains, few works have studied the transaction placement problem incurred by sharding protocols. The widely-used hashing placement algorithm renders an overwhelming…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Liuyang Ren , Paul A. S. Ward

Since 2016, sharding has become an auspicious solution to tackle the scalability issue in legacy blockchain systems. Despite its potential to strongly boost the blockchain throughput, sharding comes with its own security issues. To ease the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Truc Nguyen , My T. Thai

Blockchains have shown great promise as peer-to-peer digital currency systems over the past 10 years. However, with increased popularity, the demand for processing transactions has also grown leading to increased costs, confirmation times,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Karl J. Kreder

This thesis proposes techniques aiming to make blockchain technologies and smart contract platforms practical by improving their scalability, latency, and privacy. This thesis starts by presenting the design and implementation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Alberto Sonnino

Storage scalability is paramount in the era of big data blockchain. A storage-scalable blockchain can effectively scale out state storage to an arbitrary number of nodes and reduce the storage pressure on each, similar to distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Guangda Sun , Jialin Li

Sharding has emerged as a key technique to address blockchain scalability by partitioning the ledger into multiple shards that process transactions in parallel. Although this approach improves throughput, static or heuristic shard…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-26 M. Zeeshan Haider , Tayyaba Noreen , M. D. Assuncao , Kaiwen Zhang

Sharding scales throughput by splitting blockchain nodes into parallel groups. However, different shards' independent and random scheduling for cross-shard transactions results in numerous conflicts and aborts, since cross-shard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Zicong Hong , Song Guo , Enyuan Zhou , Jianting Zhang , Wuhui Chen , Jinwen Liang , Jie Zhang , Albert Zomaya

Sharding has emerged as one of the common techniques to address the scalability problems of blockchain systems. To this end, various sharding techniques for blockchain systems have been proposed in the literature. When sharded blockchains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Narasimha Raghavan Veeraragavan , Kaiwen Zhang

Integrating sharded blockchain with IoT presents a solution for trust issues and optimized data flow. Sharding boosts blockchain scalability by dividing its nodes into parallel shards, yet it's vulnerable to the $1\%$ attacks where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Zixu Zhang , Guangsheng Yu , Caijun Sun , Xu Wang , Ying Wang , Ming Zhang , Wei Ni , Ren Ping Liu , Andrew Reeves , Nektarios Georgalas

Permissioned blockchains are becoming popular as data management systems in the enterprise setting. Compared to traditional distributed databases, blockchain platforms provide increased security guarantees but significantly lower…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Parth Thakkar , Senthilnathan Natarajan

The recent surge in federated data management applications has brought forth concerns about the security of underlying data and the consistency of replicas in the presence of malicious attacks. A prominent solution in this direction is to…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Sajjad Rahnama , Suyash Gupta , Rohan Sogani , Dhruv Krishnan , Mohammad Sadoghi

This study proposes a novel solution that provides secure interoperability for blockchains, which improves the overall scalability of the whole blockchain network. In our solution, a cross-chain task will build a one-time cross-blockchain…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Keyang Liu , Yukio Ohsawa