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Recent experiments have shown that deep networks can approximate solutions to high-dimensional PDEs, seemingly escaping the curse of dimensionality. However, questions regarding the theoretical basis for such approximations, including the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Tanya Marwah , Zachary C. Lipton , Andrej Risteski

Recent progress in deep learning has been driven by increasingly larger models. However, their computational and energy demands have grown proportionally, creating significant barriers to their deployment and to a wider adoption of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Pedro Savarese

We perform a comprehensive numerical study of the effect of approximation-theoretical results for neural networks on practical learning problems in the context of numerical analysis. As the underlying model, we study the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Moritz Geist , Philipp Petersen , Mones Raslan , Reinhold Schneider , Gitta Kutyniok

We compare different training strategies for the Deep Ritz Method for elliptic equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions and highlight the problems arising from the boundary values. We distinguish between an exact resolution of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Luca Courte , Marius Zeinhofer

This paper concerns the a priori generalization analysis of the Deep Ritz Method (DRM) [W. E and B. Yu, 2017], a popular neural-network-based method for solving high dimensional partial differential equations. We derive the generalization…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-23 Jianfeng Lu , Yulong Lu , Min Wang

Recently, innovative adaptations of the Ritz Method incorporating deep learning have been developed, known as the Deep Ritz Method. This approach employs a neural network as the test function for variational problems. However, the neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Rafael Florencio , Julio Guerrero

We derive upper bounds on the complexity of ReLU neural networks approximating the solution maps of parametric partial differential equations. In particular, without any knowledge of its concrete shape, we use the inherent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Gitta Kutyniok , Philipp Petersen , Mones Raslan , Reinhold Schneider

In this paper, we study the statistical limits of deep learning techniques for solving elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) from random samples using the Deep Ritz Method (DRM) and Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). To…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Yiping Lu , Haoxuan Chen , Jianfeng Lu , Lexing Ying , Jose Blanchet

A method for approximating continuous functions $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{n}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ by a linear superposition of continuous functions $\mathbb{Z}_{p}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ is presented and a polynomial regression model is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Alexander P. Zubarev

Approximations of the Dirac delta distribution are commonly used to create sequences of smooth functions approximating nonsmooth (generalized) functions, via convolution. In this work, we show a priori rates of convergence of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-18 Luca Heltai , Wenyu Lei

We present a rigorous theoretical analysis of the convergence rate of the deep mixed residual method (MIM) when applied to a linear elliptic equation with various types of boundary conditions. The MIM method has been proposed as a more…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-11 Kai Gu , Peng Fang , Zhiwei Sun , Rui du

Differential equations are used to model and predict the behaviour of complex systems in a wide range of fields, and the ability to solve them is an important asset for understanding and predicting the behaviour of these systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Siddharth Nand , Yuecheng Cai

Developing efficient numerical algorithms for the solution of high dimensional random Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) has been a challenging task due to the well-known curse of dimensionality. We present a new solution framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Hadi Meidani

Recently, progress has been made in the application of neural networks to the numerical analysis of partial differential equations (PDEs). In the latter the variational formulation of the Poisson problem is used in order to obtain an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-14 Johannes Müller , Marius Zeinhofer

We propose rigorous lower and upper error bounds for neural network (NN) approximations to PDEs by efficiently computing the Riesz representations of suitable extension and restrictions of the NN residual towards geometrically simpler…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Lewin Ernst , Nikolaos Rekatsinas , Karsten Urban

While deep learning is successful in a number of applications, it is not yet well understood theoretically. A satisfactory theoretical characterization of deep learning however, is beginning to emerge. It covers the following questions: 1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Tomaso Poggio , Andrzej Banburski , Qianli Liao

We develop a general framework for data-driven approximation of input-output maps between infinite-dimensional spaces. The proposed approach is motivated by the recent successes of neural networks and deep learning, in combination with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Kaushik Bhattacharya , Bamdad Hosseini , Nikola B. Kovachki , Andrew M. Stuart

In this paper, a meshless Hermite-HDMR finite difference method is proposed to solve high-dimensional Dirichlet problems. The approach is based on the local Hermite-HDMR expansion with an additional smoothing technique. First, we introduce…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-27 Xiaopeng Luo , Xin Xu , Herschel Rabitz

Many important physical problems, such as fluid structure interaction or conjugate heat transfer, require numerical methods that compute boundary derivatives or fluxes to high accuracy. This paper proposes a novel alternative to calculating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-12 David Wells , Jeffrey Banks

By integrating physics-informed neural network (PINN) techniques with domain decomposition method, a deep domain decomposition method is presented for solving elliptic variational inequality problems. Based on the Ritz variation method, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Yiyang Wang , Qijia Zhou , Shengyuan Deng , Chenliang Li