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The finite satisfiability problem for the two-variable fragment of first-order logic interpreted over trees was recently shown to be ExpSpace-complete. We consider two extensions of this logic. We show that adding either additional binary…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Bartosz Bednarczyk , Witold Charatonik , Emanuel Kieroński

We address the relative expressiveness of defeasible logics in the framework DL. Relative expressiveness is formulated as the ability to simulate the reasoning of one logic within another logic. We show that such simulations must be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Michael Maher

Dependence logic provides an elegant approach for introducing dependencies between variables into the object language of first-order logic. In [1] generalized quantifiers were introduced in this context. However, a satisfactory account was…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Fredrik Engström

We study two extensions of FO2[<], first-order logic interpreted in finite words, in which formulas are restricted to use only two variables. We adjoin to this language two-variable atomic formulas that say, "the letter $a$ appears between…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Andreas Krebs , Kamal Lodaya , Paritosh K. Pandya , Howard Straubing

We study the expressive power of various modal logics with team semantics. We show that exactly the properties of teams that are downward closed and closed under team k-bisimulation, for some finite k, are definable in modal logic extended…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-25 Lauri Hella , Kerkko Luosto , Katsuhiko Sano , Jonni Virtema

Computability logic is a formal theory of computational tasks and resources. Its formulas represent interactive computational problems, logical operators stand for operations on computational problems, and validity of a formula is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-04-15 Giorgi Japaridze

Building on our previous work on enriched regular logic, we introduce an enriched version of positive logic and relate it to enriched cone-injectivity classes and enriched accessible categories. To do this, we need a factorization system on…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Jiří Rosický , Giacomo Tendas

(Maher 2012) introduced an approach for relative expressiveness of defeasible logics, and two notions of relative expressiveness were investigated. Using the first of these definitions of relative expressiveness, we show that all the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Michael J. Maher

We investigate the expressive power of state space models (SSM), which have recently emerged as a potential alternative to transformer architectures in large language models. Building on recent work, we analyse SSM expressiveness through…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Eric Alsmann , Lowejatan Noori , Martin Lange

In the philosophical tradition of `analytic pragmatism', which attempts to account for linguistic meanings in terms of their practices of use, logical expressivism is a theory which offers a distinct perspective on logic. We shed light on…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Kristopher Brown

We study expressive power of continuous logic in classes of metric groups defined by properties of their actions. For example we consider properties non-OB, non-FH and non-FR. The paper substantially extends Section 2 of the paper A.Ivanov,…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-06-27 Aleksander Ivanov

This paper establishes relative expressiveness results for several modal mu-calculi interpreted over timed automata. These mu-calculi combine modalities for expressing passage of (real) time with a general framework for defining formulas…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Rance Cleaveland , Jeroen J. A. Keiren , Peter Fontana

Let $\mathcal{L}$ be a first-order two-sorted language and consider a class of $\mathcal{L}$-structures of the form $\langle M, X \rangle$ where $M$ varies among structures of the first sort, while $X$ is fixed in the second sort, and it is…

Quantified Boolean logic results from adding operators to Boolean logic for existentially and universally quantifying variables. This extends the reach of Boolean logic by enabling a variety of applications that have been explored over the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Adnan Darwiche , Pierre Marquis

We introduce a logic for reasoning about evidence, that essentially views evidence as a function from prior beliefs (before making an observation) to posterior beliefs (after making the observation). We provide a sound and complete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-29 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

We introduce a new variant of dependence logic called Boolean dependence logic. In Boolean dependence logic dependence atoms are of the type =(x_1,...,x_n,\alpha), where \alpha is a Boolean variable. Intuitively, with Boolean dependence…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-06-30 Johannes Ebbing , Lauri Hella , Peter Lohmann , Jonni Virtema

Up to equivalence, a substitution in propositional logic is an endomorphism of its free algebra. On the dual space, this results in a continuous function, and whenever the space carries a natural measure one may ask about the stochastic…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Giovanni Panti

We analyse the expressiveness of the two-valued semantics of abstract argumentation frameworks, normal logic programs and abstract dialectical frameworks. By expressiveness we mean the ability to encode a desired set of two-valued…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-06 Hannes Strass

A co-valuation is, essentially, a minimal finite cover. We introduce a logic based on co-valuations, which play the role of valuations of free variables in classical first-order logic, and show that the fundamental tools of model theory --…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Maciej Malicki

We introduce a logic for reasoning about evidence that essentially views evidence as a function from prior beliefs (before making an observation) to posterior beliefs (after making the observation). We provide a sound and complete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella