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Continuous blood pressure (BP) estimation via photoplethysmography (PPG) remains a significant challenge, particularly in providing comprehensive cardiovascular insights for hypertensive complications. This study presents a novel…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Yaowen Zhang , Libera Fresiello , Peter H. Veltink , Dirk W. Donker , Ying Wang

In this article, we present a resource-efficient approach for electrocardiogram (ECG) based heartbeat classification using multi-feature fusion and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM). The dataset comprises five original classes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Reza Nikandish , Jiayu He , Benyamin Haghi

Longitudinal monitoring of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) can aid in tracking cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), sleep quality, sleep disorders, and reflect autonomic nervous system activity, stress levels, and overall…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Ruhan Yi , Mihail Popescu , James M. Keller , Grant Scott , Laurel Despins , David Heise , Marjorie Skubic

Despite the population of the noninvasive, economic, comfortable, and easy-to-install photoplethysmography (PPG), it is still lacking a mathematically rigorous and stable algorithm which is able to simultaneously extract from a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-05 Antonio Cicone , Hau-Tieng Wu

Remote physiological measurements, e.g., remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) based heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration frequency (RF) measuring, are playing more and more important roles under the application…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Xuesong Niu , Zitong Yu , Hu Han , Xiaobai Li , Shiguang Shan , Guoying Zhao

Video-based remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has emerged as a promising technology for non-contact vital sign monitoring, especially under controlled conditions. However, the accurate measurement of vital signs in real-world scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Nhi Nguyen , Le Nguyen , Honghan Li , Miguel Bordallo López , Constantino Álvarez Casado

Remote detection of the cardiac pulse has a number of applications in sports and medicine, and can be used to determine the physiological state of the subject. Previous approaches to estimate Heart Rate from video require the subject to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-03 Arvind Subramaniam , Rajitha K

Photoplethysmography is a non-invasive optical technique that measures changes in blood volume within tissues. It is commonly and increasingly used for in a variety of research and clinical application to assess vascular dynamics and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Marton A. Goda , Peter H. Charlton , Joachim A. Behar

Due to numerous hardware shortcomings, medical image acquisition devices are susceptible to producing low-quality (i.e., low contrast, inappropriate brightness, noisy, etc.) images. Regrettably, perceptually degraded images directly impact…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-12 S M A Sharif , Rizwan Ali Naqvi , Mithun Biswas , Woong-Kee Loh

The task of heart rate estimation using photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal is challenging due to the presence of various motion artifacts in the recorded signals. In this paper, a fast algorithm for heart rate estimation based on modified…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-28 Mohammad Tariqul Islam , Sk. Tanvir Ahmed , Celia Shahnaz , Shaikh Anowarul Fattah

The 2D human pose estimation (HPE) is a basic visual problem. However, its supervised learning requires massive keypoint labels, which is labor-intensive to collect. Thus, we aim at boosting a pose estimator by excavating extra unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Huayi Zhou , Mukun Luo , Fei Jiang , Yue Ding , Hongtao Lu , Kui Jia

Electrocardiography plays an essential role in diagnosing and screening cardiovascular diseases in daily healthcare. Deep neural networks have shown the potentials to improve the accuracies of arrhythmia detection based on…

Biometric authentication using physiological signals offers a promising path toward secure and user-friendly access control in wearable devices. While electrocardiogram (ECG) signals have shown high discriminability, their intrusive sensing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Wei Shao , Zequan Liang , Ruoyu Zhang , Ruijie Fang , Ning Miao , Ehsan Kourkchi , Setareh Rafatirad , Houman Homayoun , Chongzhou Fang

Arrhythmias are irregularities in the hearts electrical system which cause rapid and irregular heartbeats. These heart conditions affect over 33 million people globally and significantly increase the risk of severe complications, including…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-29 Praveen Kumar Pandian Shanmuganathan , Vatsal Sivaratri

Biometric authentication prospered because of its convenient use and security. Early generations of biometric mechanisms suffer from spoofing attacks. Recently, unobservable physiological signals (e.g., Electroencephalogram,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Lin Li , Chao Chen , Lei Pan , Leo Yu Zhang , Zhifeng Wang , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang

Heart rate estimation from electrocardiogram signals is very important for the early detection of cardiovascular diseases. However, due to large individual differences and varying electrocardiogram signal quality, there does not exist a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Dongrui Wu , Feifei Liu , Chengyu Liu

Continuous monitoring of vital signs in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) is essential for early detection of clinical deterioration and effective clinical decision-making. However, contact-based sensors such as pulse oximeters may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Mohamed Khalil Ben Salah , Philippe Jouvet , Rita Noumeir

Cardiovascular diseases, particularly arrhythmias, remain a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating continuous monitoring via the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). However, state-of-the-art deep learning approaches often impose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Moirangthem Tiken Singh , Manibhushan Yaikhom

Blood pressure (BP) changes are linked to individual health status in both clinical and non-clinical settings. This study developed a deep learning model to classify systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean (MBP) BP changes using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-04 Jingyuan Hong , Manasi Nandi , Weiwei Jin , Jordi Alastruey

Biosignal monitoring, in particular heart activity through heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) tracking, is vital in enabling continuous, non-invasive tracking of physiological and cognitive states. Recent studies have explored…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-06 Carlos Santos , Sebastian Frey , Andrea Cossettini , Luca Benini , Victor Kartsch