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Over the past century, a large community within theoretical physics has been seeking a unified framework for quantum gravity. Yet, to date, there is still no experimental evidence of any non-classical features of gravity. While traditional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Stefan Aimet , Hadrien Chevalier , M. S. Kim

In order to detect the quantum nature of gravity, the quantum gravity induced entanglement of masses(QGEM) has been proposed both in flat and curved spacetime. In this paper we propose an analogous QGEM protocol using photons produced in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-27 Chi Zhang

Certification of nonlocality of quantum mechanics is an important fundamental test that typically requires prolonged data collection and is only revealed in an in-depth analysis. These features are often particularly exposed in hybrid…

The detection of entanglement provides a definitive proof of quantumness. Its ascertainment might be challenging for hot or macroscopic objects, where entanglement is typically weak, but nevertheless present. Here we propose a platform for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Tanjung Krisnanda , Tomasz Paterek , Mauro Paternostro , Timothy C. H. Liew

Understanding gravity in the framework of quantum mechanics is one of the great challenges in modern physics. Along this line, a prime question is to find whether gravity is a quantum entity subject to the rules of quantum mechanics. It is…

Observable signatures of the quantum nature of gravity at low energies have recently emerged as a promising new research field. One prominent avenue is to test for gravitationally induced entanglement between two mesoscopic masses prepared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-16 Vasileios Fragkos , Michael Kopp , Igor Pikovski

Witnessing quantum effects in the gravitational field is found to be exceptionally difficult in practice due to lack of empirical evidence. Hence, a debate is going on among physicists whether gravity has a quantum domain or not. There had…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Manabputra , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

Recently, experiments aimed at measuring gravity mediated entanglement (GME) using quantum information techniques have been proposed, based on the assumption that if two systems get entangled through local interactions with gravitational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Ji Bian , Teng Liu , Pengfei Lu , Qifeng Lao , Xinxin Rao , Feng Zhu , Yang Liu , Le Luo

Entanglement is at the heart of fundamental tests of quantum mechanics like tests of Bell-inequalities and, as discovered lately, of quantum computation and communication. Their technological advance made entangled photons play an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Tittel , Gregor Weihs

We propose relativistic tests of quantum gravity using the gravitational self-interaction of photons in a cavity. We demonstrate that this interaction results in a number of quantum gravitational signatures in the quantum state of the light…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-19 Zain Mehdi , Joseph J. Hope , Simon A. Haine

It is now widely believed that if the gravitational field is (perturbatively) quantum, it would entangle two massive objects (in spatial superpositions) which were otherwise unentangled to begin with. Recently, actual table-top experiments…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-27 Suddhasattwa Brahma , Abhinove Nagarajan Seenivasan

All existing quantum gravity proposals share the same deep problem. Their predictions are extremely hard to test in practice. Quantum effects in the gravitational field are exceptionally small, unlike those in the electromagnetic field. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-20 Chiara Marletto , Vlatko Vedral

The quantization of the electromagnetic field has successfully paved the way for the development of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and has established the basis for quantum technologies. Gravity, however, continues to hold out…

Quantum teleportation strikingly underlines the peculiar features of the quantum world. We present an experimental proof of its quantum nature, teleporting an entangled photon with such high quality that the nonlocal quantum correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Thomas Jennewein , Gregor Weihs , Jian-Wei Pan , Anton Zeilinger

Quantum nonlocality is arguably among the most counter-intuitive phenomena predicted by quantum theory. In recent years, the development of an abstract theory of nonlocality has brought a much deeper understanding of the subject. In…

The gravity-mediated entanglement experiments employ concepts from quantum information to argue that if entanglement due to gravitational interaction is observed, then gravity cannot be described by a classical system. However, the proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Martin Plávala

Quantum technologies have matured to the point that we can test fundamental quantum phenomena under extreme conditions. Specifically, entanglement, a cornerstone of modern quantum information theory, can be robustly produced and verified in…

Observation of gravitationally induced quantum entanglement is often interpreted as a direct evidence of non-classical gravity. While the form and the degree of non-classicality have been rigorously studied from a foundational perspective,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Samuel Schlegel , Ankit Kumar , Tomasz Paterek , Borivoje Dakić

Due to the weakness of gravitational coupling, all quantum experiments up to date in which gravity plays a role utilized the field of the Earth. Since this field undergoes practically undetectable back-action from quantum particles, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-16 Ankit Kumar

No experimental test to date has provided conclusive evidence on the quantum nature of gravity. Recent proposals, such as the BMV experiment, suggest that generating entanglement could serve as a direct test. Motivated by these proposals,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 P. George Christopher , S. Shankaranarayanan
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