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eXplainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods have emerged to convert the black box of machine learning (ML) models into a more digestible form. These methods help to communicate how the model works with the aim of making ML models more…

Recent success in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) allow problem solving automatically without any human intervention. Autonomous approaches can be very convenient. However, in certain domains, e.g., in the medical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Andreas Holzinger , André Carrington , Heimo Müller

Explainability techniques for data-driven predictive models based on artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms allow us to better understand the operation of such systems and help to hold them accountable. New transparency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Kacper Sokol , Alexander Hepburn , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Peter Flach

This study explores the explainability capabilities of large language models (LLMs), when employed to autonomously generate machine learning (ML) solutions. We examine two classification tasks: (i) a binary classification problem focused on…

Algorithmic transparency entails exposing system properties to various stakeholders for purposes that include understanding, improving, and contesting predictions. Until now, most research into algorithmic transparency has predominantly…

As recommender systems become widely deployed in different domains, they increasingly influence their users' beliefs and preferences. Auditing recommender systems is crucial as it not only ensures the continuous improvement of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Vibhhu Sharma , Shantanu Gupta , Nil-Jana Akpinar , Zachary C. Lipton , Liu Leqi

The growing adoption and deployment of Machine Learning (ML) systems came with its share of ethical incidents and societal concerns. It also unveiled the necessity to properly audit these systems in light of ethical principles. For such a…

Financial statement auditing is essential for stakeholders to understand a company's financial health, yet current manual processes are inefficient and error-prone. Even with extensive verification procedures, auditors frequently miss…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Rushi Wang , Jiateng Liu , Weijie Zhao , Shenglan Li , Denghui Zhang

Many internet applications are powered by machine learned models, which are usually trained on labeled datasets obtained through either implicit / explicit user feedback signals or human judgments. Since societal biases may be present in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Sriram Vasudevan , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

In sensitive contexts, providers of machine learning algorithms are increasingly required to give explanations for their algorithms' decisions. However, explanation receivers might not trust the provider, who potentially could output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Robi Bhattacharjee , Ulrike von Luxburg

LLM agents call tools, query databases, delegate tasks, and trigger external side effects. Once an agent system can act in the world, the question is no longer only whether harmful actions can be prevented--it is whether those actions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yi Nian , Aojie Yuan , Haiyue Zhang , Jiate Li , Yue Zhao

EXplainable machine learning (XML) has recently emerged to address the mystery mechanisms of machine learning (ML) systems by interpreting their 'black box' results. Despite the development of various explanation methods, determining the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Bo Wang , Yiqiao Li , Jianlong Zhou , Fang Chen

Our research aims to propose a new performance-explainability analytical framework to assess and benchmark machine learning methods. The framework details a set of characteristics that systematize the performance-explainability assessment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Kevin Fauvel , Véronique Masson , Élisa Fromont

Explanation methods and their evaluation have become a significant issue in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) due to the recent surge of opaque AI models in decision support systems (DSS). Since the most accurate AI models are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Helena Löfström , Karl Hammar , Ulf Johansson

The increasing complexity of LLMs presents significant challenges to their transparency and interpretability, necessitating the use of eXplainable AI (XAI) techniques to enhance trustworthiness and usability. This study introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Melkamu Abay Mersha , Mesay Gemeda Yigezu , Hassan Shakil , Ali K. AlShami , Sanghyun Byun , Jugal Kalita

In artificial intelligence (AI), the complexity of many models and processes surpasses human understanding, making it challenging to determine why a specific prediction is made. This lack of transparency is particularly problematic in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-30 Alexandra Stadler , Werner G. Müller , Radoslav Harman

Artificial intelligence (AI) has huge potential to improve the health and well-being of people, but adoption in clinical practice is still limited. Lack of transparency is identified as one of the main barriers to implementation, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Aniek F. Markus , Jan A. Kors , Peter R. Rijnbeek

This study presents a machine learning (ML) pipeline for clinical data classification in the context of a 30-day readmission problem, along with a fairness audit on subgroups based on sensitive attributes. A range of ML models are used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Shaina Raza

Explainable AI aims to render model behavior understandable by humans, which can be seen as an intermediate step in extracting causal relations from correlative patterns. Due to the high risk of possible fatal decisions in image-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Lukas Klein , João B. S. Carvalho , Mennatallah El-Assady , Paolo Penna , Joachim M. Buhmann , Paul F. Jaeger

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language processing. However, their internal mechanisms are still unclear and this lack of transparency poses unwanted risks for downstream applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Haiyan Zhao , Hanjie Chen , Fan Yang , Ninghao Liu , Huiqi Deng , Hengyi Cai , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Mengnan Du