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One of the main objectives of cosmic-ray studies are precise measurements of energy and chemical composition of particles with extreme energies. Large and sophisticated detectors are used to find events seen as showers starting in the…

Cosmic ray propagation in the Galaxy is shortly reviewed. In particular we consider the self-consistent models of CR propagation. In these models CR streaming instability driven by CR anisotropy results in the Alfv\'enic turbulence which in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 V. N. Zirakashvili

We calculate the diffusion coefficients of charged cosmic rays (CR) propagating in regular and turbulent magnetic fields. If the magnetic field is dominated by an isotropic turbulent component, we find that CRs reside too long in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-24 G. Giacinti , M. Kachelriess , D. V. Semikoz

Cosmic rays (CR) propagate through the galactic scales down to the smaller scales at which stars form. CRs are close to energy equipartition with the other components of the interstellar medium and can provide a support against gravity if…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-13 Benoît Commerçon , Alexandre Marcowith , Yohan Dubois

It is known from some time that to explain some apparently {\it exotic events} observed in cosmic ray experiments, a deeply penetrating component in cosmic rays is needed, which, in turn, leads frequently to the nonexponential distributions…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Grzegorz Wilk , Zbigniew Wlodarczyk

A Monte Carlo scheme to sample the screening potential H(r) of Yukawa plasmas notably at short distances is presented. This scheme is based on an importance sampling technique. Comparisons with former results for the Coulombic one-component…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. -M. Caillol , D. Gilles

We describe a method for the numerical computation of the propagation of primary and secondary nucleons, primary electrons, and secondary positrons and electrons. Fragmentation and energy losses are computed using realistic distributions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko

Monte Carlo simulations with the CRISP code were conducted to study spallation and fission fragment distributions induced by intermediate- and high-energy protons and photons on actinide and pre-actinide nuclei. The model accounts for…

General Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Sun Wenming

We introduce methods which allow observed galaxy clustering to be used together with observed luminosity or stellar mass functions to constrain the physics of galaxy formation. We show how the projected two-point correlation function of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-02 Marcel P. van Daalen , Bruno M. B. Henriques , Raul E. Angulo , Simon D. M. White

Recent results by space borne experiments took cosmic ray data to a precision level. These new results are able to challenge the conventional scenario for cosmic ray acceleration and propagation in the Milky Way. In these contributions,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-23 Manuela Vecchi

Bright clusters of galaxies can be seen out to cosmological distances, and thus they can be used to derive cosmological parameters. Although the continuum X-ray emission from the intra-cluster gas is optically thin, the optical depth of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. M. Molnar , M. Birkinshaw , R. F. Mushotzky

Ongoing MeV telescopes such as INTEGRAL/SPI and Fermi/GBM, and proposed telescopes including the recently accepted COSI and the e-ASTROGAM and AMEGO missions, provide another window in understanding transients. Their signals contain…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-13 Shing-Chi Leung

The study of Galactic diffuse $\gamma$ radiation combined with the knowledge of the distribution of the molecular hydrogen in the Galaxy offers a unique tool to probe the cosmic ray flux in the Galaxy. A methodology to study the level of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Casanova , S. Gabici , F. A. Aharonian , K. Torii , Y. Fukui , T. Onishi , H. Yamamoto , A. Kawamura

We investigate the ionization of the diffuse interstellar medium by cosmic rays by modeling their propagation along the wandering magnetic fields using a Monte Carlo method. We study how low-energy cosmic rays propagate in turbulent,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-05 Riccardo Franceschi , Steven Neil Shore

We introduce a novel diffusion model for the propagation of cosmic rays (CRs) that incorporates an anisotropic diffusion tensor of a general form within a realistically modeled large-scale Galactic magnetic field. The parameters of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-22 V. D. Borisov , V. O. Yurovsky , I. A. Kudryashov

Various studies have implied the existence of a gaseous halo around the Galaxy extending out to 100 kpc. Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) that propagate to the halo, either by diffusion or by convection with the possibly existing large-scale…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-30 Ruo-Yu Liu , Huirong Yan , Xiang-Yu Wang , Shi Shao , Hui Li

Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) generally share common propagation features, leading to consistent spectral observations of secondary nuclei such as Li, Be, and B. However, the Li spectrum predicted by the CR diffusion coefficient inferred from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-11 Meng-Jie Zhao , Xiao-Jun Bi , Kun Fang , Xing-Jian Lv , Peng-Fei Yin

We present the implementation and the first results of cosmic ray (CR) feedback in the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) simulations. We investigate CR feedback in non-cosmological simulations of dwarf, sub-$L\star$ starburst, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-04 T. K. Chan , D. Keres , P. F. Hopkins , E. Quataert , K. -Y. Su , C. C. Hayward , C. -A. Faucher-Giguere

We present a complete phenomenological model accounting for the evolution of the cosmic-ray spectrum and composition with energy, based on the available data over the entire spectrum. We show that there is no need to postulate any…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-07-29 Noemie Globus , Denis Allard , Etienne Parizot

The nature of cosmic rays (CRs) and cosmic ray transport in galaxy clusters is probed by a number of observations. Radio observations reveal the synchrotron radiation of cosmic ray electrons (CRe) spiraling around cluster magnetic fields.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-26 Joshua Wiener , Ellen G. Zweibel