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Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods are trained with normal (or healthy) images only, but during testing, they are able to classify normal and abnormal (or disease) images. UAD is an important medical image analysis (MIA) method to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Yu Tian , Fengbei Liu , Guansong Pang , Yuanhong Chen , Yuyuan Liu , Johan W. Verjans , Rajvinder Singh , Gustavo Carneiro

Deep learning-based AMC methods have achieved remarkable performance, but their practical deployment remains constrained by the high cost of labeled data. Although self-supervised learning (SSL) reduces the reliance on labels, existing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Chenxu Wang , Shuang Wang , Lirong Han , Xinyu Hu , Hanlin Mo , Hantong Xing , Licheng Jiao

Recently, various contrastive learning techniques have been developed to categorize time series data and exhibit promising performance. A general paradigm is to utilize appropriate augmentations and construct feasible positive samples such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Qianying Ren , Dongsheng Luo , Dongjin Song

Unsupervised anomalous sound detection aims to detect unknown anomalous sounds by training a model using only normal audio data. Despite advancements in self-supervised methods, the issue of frequent false alarms when handling samples of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Shun Huang , Zhihua Fang , Liang He

We introduce COLA, a self-supervised pre-training approach for learning a general-purpose representation of audio. Our approach is based on contrastive learning: it learns a representation which assigns high similarity to audio segments…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Aaqib Saeed , David Grangier , Neil Zeghidour

Detecting critical transitions in complex, noisy time-series data is a fundamental challenge across science and engineering. Such transitions may be anticipated by the emergence of a low-dimensional order parameter, whose signature is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wenqi Fang , Ye Li

Industrial and medical anomaly detection faces critical challenges from data scarcity and prohibitive annotation costs, particularly in evolving manufacturing and healthcare settings. To address this, we propose CoZAD, a novel zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Muhammad Aqeel , Danijel Skocaj , Marco Cristani , Francesco Setti

Anomaly detection is a significant and hence well-studied problem. However, developing effective anomaly detection methods for complex and high-dimensional data remains a challenge. As Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are able to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Houssam Zenati , Manon Romain , Chuan Sheng Foo , Bruno Lecouat , Vijay Ramaseshan Chandrasekhar

Detecting the presence of anomalies in regression models is a crucial task in machine learning, as anomalies can significantly impact the accuracy and reliability of predictions. Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) is one of the most popular…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-22 Le Hong Phong , Ho Ngoc Luat , Vo Nguyen Le Duy

Recent unsupervised approaches to domain adaptation primarily focus on minimizing the gap between the source and the target domains through refining the feature generator, in order to learn a better alignment between the two domains. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Shuyang Dai , Yu Cheng , Yizhe Zhang , Zhe Gan , Jingjing Liu , Lawrence Carin

The use of deep learning techniques in detecting anomalies in time series data has been an active area of research with a long history of development and a variety of approaches. In particular, reconstruction-based unsupervised anomaly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jinsheng Yang , Yuanhai Shao , ChunNa Li

Contrastive learning is a representation learning method performed by contrasting a sample to other similar samples so that they are brought closely together, forming clusters in the feature space. The learning process is typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Valentino Vito , Lim Yohanes Stefanus

Recent work has shown that, when integrated with adversarial training, self-supervised pre-training can lead to state-of-the-art robustness In this work, we improve robustness-aware self-supervised pre-training by learning representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Ziyu Jiang , Tianlong Chen , Ting Chen , Zhangyang Wang

Unsupervised Anomaly detection (AD) requires building a notion of normalcy, distinguishing in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) data, using only available ID samples. Recently, large gains were made on this task for the domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Mohamed Yousef , Marcel Ackermann , Unmesh Kurup , Tom Bishop

Anomaly detection techniques are growing in importance at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), motivated by the increasing need to search for new physics in a model-agnostic way. In this work, we provide a detailed comparative study between a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-07-28 Jack H. Collins , Pablo Martín-Ramiro , Benjamin Nachman , David Shih

Contrastive learning is a popular form of self-supervised learning that encourages augmentations (views) of the same input to have more similar representations compared to augmentations of different inputs. Recent attempts to theoretically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Nikunj Saunshi , Jordan Ash , Surbhi Goel , Dipendra Misra , Cyril Zhang , Sanjeev Arora , Sham Kakade , Akshay Krishnamurthy

Reliable detection of out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is increasingly understood to be a precondition for deployment of machine learning systems. This paper proposes and investigates the use of contrastive training to boost OOD detection…

One-class classification (OCC) aims to learn an effective data description to enclose all normal training samples and detect anomalies based on the deviation from the data description. Current state-of-the-art OCC models learn a compact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Yuanhong Chen , Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Gustavo Carneiro

Disentangling complex causal relationships is important for accurate detection of anomalies. In multivariate time series analysis, dynamic interactions among data variables over time complicate the interpretation of causal relationships.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wonah Kim , Jeonghyeon Park , Dongsan Jun , Jungkyu Han , Sejin Chun

Existing adversarial learning approaches mostly use class labels to generate adversarial samples that lead to incorrect predictions, which are then used to augment the training of the model for improved robustness. While some recent works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Minseon Kim , Jihoon Tack , Sung Ju Hwang