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The rise of large language models (LLMs) has introduced new privacy challenges, particularly during inference where sensitive information in prompts may be exposed to proprietary LLM APIs. In this paper, we address the problem of formally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Amrita Roy Chowdhury , David Glukhov , Divyam Anshumaan , Prasad Chalasani , Nicolas Papernot , Somesh Jha , Mihir Bellare

Synthetic data offers a promising path to train models while preserving data privacy. Differentially private (DP) finetuning of large language models (LLMs) as data generator is effective, but is impractical when computation resources are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Bowen Tan , Zheng Xu , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu , Shanshan Wu

In this work, we address the problem of text anonymization where the goal is to prevent adversaries from correctly inferring private attributes of the author, while keeping the text utility, i.e., meaning and semantics. We propose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ahmed Frikha , Nassim Walha , Krishna Kanth Nakka , Ricardo Mendes , Xue Jiang , Xuebing Zhou

We present an approach for generating differentially private synthetic text using large language models (LLMs), via private prediction. In the private prediction framework, we only require the output synthetic data to satisfy differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Kareem Amin , Alex Bie , Weiwei Kong , Alexey Kurakin , Natalia Ponomareva , Umar Syed , Andreas Terzis , Sergei Vassilvitskii

Data streams collected from multiple sources are rarely independent. Values evolve over time and influence one another across sequences. These correlations improve prediction in healthcare, finance, and smart-city control yet violate the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yifan Luo , Meng Zhang , Jin Xu , Junting Chen , Jianwei Huang

Neural language models are known to have a high capacity for memorization of training samples. This may have serious privacy implications when training models on user content such as email correspondence. Differential privacy (DP), a…

Large language models (LLMs) have presented outstanding performance in code generation and completion. However, fine-tuning these models on private datasets can raise privacy and proprietary concerns, such as the leakage of sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zheng Liu , Chen Gong , Terry Yue Zhuo , Kecen Li , Weichen Yu , Matt Fredrikson , Tianhao Wang

As the tide of Big Data continues to influence the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP), the utilization of modern NLP methods has grounded itself in this data, in order to tackle a variety of text-based tasks. These methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Oleksandra Klymenko , Stephen Meisenbacher , Florian Matthes

Ensuring user privacy by synthesizing data from large language models (LLMs) tuned under differential privacy (DP) has become popular recently. However, the impact of DP fine-tuned LLMs on the quality of the language and the utility of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Erion Çano , Ivan Habernal

The widespread use of cloud-based Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened concerns over user privacy, as sensitive information may be inadvertently exposed during interactions with these services. To protect privacy before sending…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Shuo Huang , William MacLean , Xiaoxi Kang , Qiongkai Xu , Zhuang Li , Xingliang Yuan , Gholamreza Haffari , Lizhen Qu

Large language models (LLMs) frequently memorize sensitive or personal information, raising significant privacy concerns. Existing variants of differential privacy stochastic gradient descent (DPSGD) inject uniform noise into every gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Manjiang Yu , Priyanka Singh , Xue Li , Yang Cao

Anonymizing textual documents is a highly context-sensitive problem: the appropriate balance between privacy protection and utility preservation varies with the data domain, privacy objectives, and downstream application. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gabriel Loiseau , Damien Sileo , Damien Riquet , Maxime Meyer , Marc Tommasi

Natural language processing (NLP) models may leak private information in different ways, including membership inference, reconstruction or attribute inference attacks. Sensitive information may not be explicit in the text, but hidden in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Pedro Faustini , Shakila Mahjabin Tonni , Annabelle McIver , Qiongkai Xu , Mark Dras

Within the current context of Information Societies, large amounts of information are daily exchanged and/or released. The sensitive nature of much of this information causes a serious privacy threat when documents are uncontrollably made…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-07 David Sanchez , Montserrat Batet

Local Differential Privacy (LDP) provides provable privacy protection for data collection without the assumption of the trusted data server. In the real-world scenario, different data have different privacy requirements due to the distinct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Xiaolan Gu , Ming Li , Li Xiong , Yang Cao

Local Differential Privacy (LDP) offers strong privacy guarantees without requiring users to trust external parties. However, LDP applies uniform protection to all data features, including less sensitive ones, which degrades performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Syomantak Chaudhuri , Thomas A. Courtade , Alireza Fallah , Michael I. Jordan

We present STAMP (Selective Task-Aware Mechanism for Text Privacy), a new framework for task-aware text privatization that achieves an improved privacy-utility trade-off. STAMP selectively allocates privacy budgets across tokens by jointly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Fengwei Tian , Payel Bhattacharjee , Heidi Hanson , Geoffrey D. Rubin , Joseph Y. Lo , Ravi Tandon

We consider a database $\vec{X} = (X_1,\cdots,X_n)$ containing the data of $n$ users. The data aggregator wants to publicise the database, but wishes to sanitise the dataset to hide sensitive data $S_i$ correlated to $X_i$. This setting is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly adapted to downstream tasks through fine-tuning, but fine-tuning data often contains sensitive information that may be leaked by the resulting model. Differential privacy (DP) offers formal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haichao Sha , Zihao Wang , Yuncheng Wu , Hong Chen , Wei Dong

Conformal prediction (CP) provides sets of candidate classes with a guaranteed probability of containing the true class. However, it typically relies on a calibration set with clean labels. We address privacy-sensitive scenarios where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Coby Penso , Bar Mahpud , Jacob Goldberger , Or Sheffet