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Symbolic regression (SR) is the task of discovering a symbolic expression that fits a given data set from the space of mathematical expressions. Despite the abundance of research surrounding the SR problem, there's a scarcity of works that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Jinglu Song , Qiang Lu , Bozhou Tian , Jingwen Zhang , Jake Luo , Zhiguang Wang

The Symbolic Regression (SR) problem, where the goal is to find a regression function that does not have a pre-specified form but is any function that can be composed of a list of operators, is a hard problem in machine learning, both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Vernon Austel , Cristina Cornelio , Sanjeeb Dash , Joao Goncalves , Lior Horesh , Tyler Josephson , Nimrod Megiddo

Symbolic Regression (SR) is a regression method that aims to discover mathematical expressions that describe the relationship between variables, and it is often implemented through Genetic Programming, a metaphor for the process of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Guilherme Seidyo Imai Aldeia

Interpretability is crucial for machine learning in many scenarios such as quantitative finance, banking, healthcare, etc. Symbolic regression (SR) is a classic interpretable machine learning method by bridging X and Y using mathematical…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-17 Ying Jin , Weilin Fu , Jian Kang , Jiadong Guo , Jian Guo

Symbolic Regression (SR) is a type of regression analysis to automatically find the mathematical expression that best fits the data. Currently, SR still basically relies on various searching strategies so that a sample-specific model is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Jiachen Li , Ye Yuan , Hong-Bin Shen

Symbolic regression (SR) is a data analysis problem where we search for the mathematical expression that best fits a numerical dataset. It is a global optimization problem. The most popular approach to SR is by genetic programming (SRGP).…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Sohrab Towfighi

Symbolic regression (SR) is an area of interpretable machine learning that aims to identify mathematical expressions, often composed of simple functions, that best fit in a given set of covariates $X$ and response $y$. In recent years, deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Sida Li , Ioana Marinescu , Sebastian Musslick

Symbolic regression (SR) is a powerful technique for discovering the analytical mathematical expression from data, finding various applications in natural sciences due to its good interpretability of results. However, existing methods face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Xieting Chu , Hongjue Zhao , Enze Xu , Hairong Qi , Minghan Chen , Huajie Shao

Symbolic regression is emerging as a promising machine learning method for learning succinct underlying interpretable mathematical expressions directly from data. Whereas it has been traditionally tackled with genetic programming, it has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Nour Makke , Sanjay Chawla

Symbolic regression (SR) aims to discover concise closed-form mathematical equations from data, a task fundamental to scientific discovery. However, the problem is highly challenging because closed-form equations lie in a complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Samuel Holt , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

[RETRACTED]Data increasingly abounds, but distilling their underlying relationships down to something interpretable remains challenging. One approach is genetic programming, which `symbolically regresses' a data set down into an equation.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Amanda Bertschinger , James Bagrow , Joshua Bongard

Symbolic regression is a machine learning technique that can learn the governing formulas of data and thus has the potential to transform scientific discovery. However, symbolic regression is still limited in the complexity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Michael Zhang , Samuel Kim , Peter Y. Lu , Marin Soljačić

Symbolic regression (SR) is a challenging task in machine learning that involves finding a mathematical expression for a function based on its values. Recent advancements in SR have demonstrated the effectiveness of pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Parshin Shojaee , Kazem Meidani , Amir Barati Farimani , Chandan K. Reddy

Mathematical expressions play a central role in scientific discovery. Symbolic regression aims to automatically discover such expressions from given numerical data. Recently, Neural symbolic regression (NSR) methods that involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shun Sato , Issei Sato

Symbolic regression is the task of identifying a mathematical expression that best fits a provided dataset of input and output values. Due to the richness of the space of mathematical expressions, symbolic regression is generally a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Mojtaba Valipour , Bowen You , Maysum Panju , Ali Ghodsi

Symbolic regression (SR) aims to discover the underlying mathematical expressions that explain observed data. This holds promise for both gaining scientific insight and for producing inherently interpretable and generalizable models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 David Otte , Jörg K. H. Franke , Arbër Zela , Fábio Ferreira , Frank Hutter

In symbolic regression, the goal is to find an analytical expression that accurately fits experimental data with the minimal use of mathematical symbols such as operators, variables, and constants. However, the combinatorial space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Tommaso Bendinelli , Luca Biggio , Pierre-Alexandre Kamienny

Symbolic regression (SR) has emerged as a powerful method for uncovering interpretable mathematical relationships from data, offering a novel route to both scientific discovery and efficient empirical modelling. This article introduces the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Deaglan J. Bartlett , Harry Desmond , Pedro G. Ferreira , Gabriel Kronberger

Evolutionary symbolic regression (SR) fits a symbolic equation to data, which gives a concise interpretable model. We explore using SR as a method to propose which data to gather in an active learning setting with physical constraints. SR…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jorge Medina , Andrew D. White

Symbolic regression (SR) is the problem of learning a symbolic expression from numerical data. Recently, deep neural models trained on procedurally-generated synthetic datasets showed competitive performance compared to more classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Pierre-Alexandre Kamienny , Guillaume Lample , Sylvain Lamprier , Marco Virgolin
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