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Robotics foundation models have demonstrated strong capabilities in executing natural language instructions across diverse tasks and environments. However, they remain largely data-driven and lack formal guarantees on safety and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sadık Bera Yüksel , Derya Aksaray

Robots can adapt to user preferences by learning reward functions from demonstrations, but with limited data, reward models often overfit to spurious correlations and fail to generalize. This happens because demonstrations show robots how…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Minyoung Hwang , Alexandra Forsey-Smerek , Nathaniel Dennler , Andreea Bobu

This work presents a novel co-design strategy that integrates trajectory planning and control to handle STL-based tasks in autonomous robots. The method consists of two phases: $(i)$ learning spatio-temporal motion primitives to encapsulate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Manas Sashank Juvvi , Tushar Dilip Kurne , Vaishnavi J , Shishir Kolathaya , Pushpak Jagtap

Machine Learning (ML) models are increasingly used to make critical decisions in real-world applications, yet they have become more complex, making them harder to understand. To this end, researchers have proposed several techniques to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Dylan Slack , Satyapriya Krishna , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Sameer Singh

The impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to various efforts to enable robots to be controlled through natural language instructions, opening exciting possibilities for human-robot interaction The goal is for the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Seif Ismail , Antonio Arbues , Ryan Cotterell , René Zurbrügg , Carmen Amo Alonso

We propose a reachability-based framework for reliable LLM-guided human-autonomy teaming (HAT) using signal temporal logic (STL). In the proposed framework, LLM is leveraged as a translator that transfers natural language commands given by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Joonwon Choi , Kartik Anand Pant , Karthik Nune , Inseok Hwang

Comprehension of spoken natural language is an essential component for robots to communicate with human effectively. However, handling unconstrained spoken instructions is challenging due to (1) complex structures including a wide variety…

Signal Temporal Logic (STL), has recently seen extensive development, owing to its rich expressivenes for autonomous planning and control. Nevertheless, existing verification and control synthesis methods are limited with respect to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Panagiotis Rousseas , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

This paper explores the use of Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL) as a suitable formal framework for describing Sign Language (SL), the language of deaf people, in the context of natural language processing. SLs are visual, complete,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-03-27 Arturo Curiel , Christophe Collet

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) offers verifiable task specifications and is crucial for safety-critical control. Yet STL planning remains challenging: exact optimization-based methods are often too slow, and learning-based methods struggle to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Bowen Ye , Ancheng Hou , Junyue Huang , Ruijia Liu , Xiang Yin

As the first robotic platforms slowly approach our everyday life, we can imagine a near future where service robots will be easily accessible by non-expert users through vocal interfaces. The capability of managing natural language would…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Martino Mensio , Emanuele Bastianelli , Ilaria Tiddi , Giuseppe Rizzo

One significant simplification in most previous work on robot learning is the closed-world assumption where the robot is assumed to know ahead of time a complete set of predicates describing the state of the physical world. However, robots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Qiaozi Gao , Lanbo She , Joyce Y. Chai

Temporal logics (TLs) have been widely used to formalize interpretable tasks for cyber-physical systems. Time Window Temporal Logic (TWTL) has been recently proposed as a specification language for dynamical systems. In particular, it can…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Ahmad Ahmad , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Roberto Tron , Calin Belta

For a robot to be called socially intelligent, it must be able to infer users internal states from their current behaviour, predict the users future behaviour, and if required, respond appropriately. In this work, we investigate how robots…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tongfei Bian , Mathieu Chollet , Tanaya Guha

We present a framework to synthesize control policies for nonlinear dynamical systems from complex temporal constraints specified in a rich temporal logic called Signal Temporal Logic (STL). We propose a novel smooth and differentiable STL…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Iman Haghighi , Noushin Mehdipour , Ezio Bartocci , Calin Belta

Several methods have been proposed recently to learn neural network (NN) controllers for autonomous agents, with unknown and stochastic dynamics, tasked with complex missions captured by Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Jun Wang , Haojun Chen , Zihe Sun , Yiannis Kantaros

This paper presents a spatiotemporal tube (STT)-based control framework for satisfying Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications in unknown control-affine systems. We formulate STL constraints as a robust optimization problem (ROP) and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Ratnangshu Das , Subhodeep Choudhury , Pushpak Jagtap

Learning-from-demonstrations is an emerging paradigm to obtain effective robot control policies for complex tasks via reinforcement learning without the need to explicitly design reward functions. However, it is susceptible to imperfections…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Aniruddh G. Puranic , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh , Stefanos Nikolaidis

Behavioral skills or policies for autonomous agents are conventionally learned from reward functions, via reinforcement learning, or from demonstrations, via imitation learning. However, both modes of task specification have their…

We present a novel approach for enhancing human-robot collaboration using physical interactions for real-time error correction of large language model (LLM) powered robots. Unlike other methods that rely on verbal or text commands, the…