Related papers: Ultra-low latency recurrent neural network inferen…

We introduce an automated tool for deploying ultra low-latency, low-power deep neural networks with convolutional layers on FPGAs. By extending the hls4ml library, we demonstrate an inference latency of $5\,\mu$s using convolutional…

Recent results at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have pointed to enhanced physics capabilities through the improvement of the real-time event processing techniques. Machine learning methods are ubiquitous and have proven to be very…

Neural networks have demonstrated their outstanding performance in a wide range of tasks. Specifically recurrent architectures based on long-short term memory (LSTM) cells have manifested excellent capability to model time dependencies in…

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have the ability to retain memory and learn data sequences. Due to the recurrent nature of RNNs, it is sometimes hard to parallelize all its computations on conventional hardware. CPUs do not currently offer…

This study presents an efficient implementation of transformer architectures in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs) using hls4ml. We demonstrate the strategy for implementing the multi-head attention, softmax, and normalization layer and…

This work presents a novel reconfigurable architecture for Low Latency Graph Neural Network (LL-GNN) designs for particle detectors, delivering unprecedented low latency performance. Incorporating FPGA-based GNNs into particle detectors…

Implementing Machine Learning (ML) models on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) is becoming increasingly popular across various domains as a low-latency and low-power solution that helps manage large data rates generated by continuously…

Artificial neural networks are already widely used for physics analysis, but there are only few applications within low-level hardware triggers, and typically only with small networks. Modern high-end FPGAs offer Tera-scale arithmetic…

Multivariate techniques based on engineered features have found wide adoption in the identification of jets resulting from hadronic top decays at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Recent Deep Learning developments in this area include the…

Custom hardware accelerators for Deep Neural Networks are increasingly popular: in fact, the flexibility and performance offered by FPGAs are well-suited to the computational effort and low latency constraints required by many image…

Three machine learning models are used to perform jet origin classification. These models are optimized for deployment on a field-programmable gate array device. In this context, we demonstrate how latency and resource consumption scale…

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are widely used to implement deep learning inference. Standard deep neural network inference involves the computation of interleaved linear maps and nonlinear activation functions. Prior work for…

Tensor Networks (TNs) are a computational paradigm used for representing quantum many-body systems. Recent works have shown how TNs can also be applied to perform Machine Learning (ML) tasks, yielding comparable results to standard…

Transformers have surpassed RNNs in popularity due to their superior abilities in parallel training and long-term dependency modeling. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in using linear RNNs for efficient sequence modeling. These…

We describe the implementation of Boosted Decision Trees in the hls4ml library, which allows the translation of a trained model into FPGA firmware through an automated conversion process. Thanks to its fully on-chip implementation, hls4ml…

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), which are a powerful scheme for modeling temporal and sequential data need to capture long-term dependencies on datasets and represent them in hidden layers with a powerful model to capture more information…

Graph neural networks have been shown to achieve excellent performance for several crucial tasks in particle physics, such as charged particle tracking, jet tagging, and clustering. An important domain for the application of these networks…

Low-latency, energy-efficient deep neural networks (DNNs) inference are critical for edge applications, where traditional cloud-based deployment suffers from high latency and security risks. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) offer a…

We present a systematic study of Tensor Network (TN) models $\unicode{x2013}$ Matrix Product States (MPS) and Tree Tensor Networks (TTN) $\unicode{x2013}$ for real-time jet tagging in high-energy physics, with a focus on low-latency…

We present the implementation of binary and ternary neural networks in the hls4ml library, designed to automatically convert deep neural network models to digital circuits with FPGA firmware. Starting from benchmark models trained with…